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单词 πείθω
释义

πείθω

See also: πειθώ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • πίθημῐ (píthēmi) Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *péitʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-. Cognates include Latin fīdō, Albanian be and Proto-Germanic *bīdaną, from which Old English bīdan (English bide).

Stems πειθ-, πιθ- with vowel shift,[1] and ποιθ- (poith-) with ablaut.[2] Derivatives from all stems, with π(ε)ιθ-τ- > π(ε)ιστ-, πειθ-μ- > πεισμ-.[3]

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pěː.tʰɔː/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpi.tʰo/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpi.θo/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpi.θo/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpi.θo/

Verb

πείθω (peíthō)

  1. (active)
    1. I convince, persuade
      • 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 41
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1212
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 724
      • 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 615
      • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1064
      • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 70
      • 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 68
      • 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, 62 16
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.163
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.5
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.184
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.345
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.587
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.842
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.78
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.223
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.258
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.337
      • 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 27:20
      • 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 453b
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Hipparchus 232b
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 844e
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 327c
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.181a
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1298
      • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1442
      • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 102
      • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 612
      • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 901
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.31
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.17
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.76
      • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, 6 44
      • Tragica Adespota 402
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.5.11
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 6.1.34
    2. I succeed through entreaty
      • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 450
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.100
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.112
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.386
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.219
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.363
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 2.80
      • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 37d
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 366a
    3. I mislead
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.132
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.360
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.26
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.106
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.123
      1. I bribe
        • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.4
        • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.134
        • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.33
        • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Fr. 272
        • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Olive Stump 21
        • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Defence against a Charge of Taking Bribes 10
        • New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 12:20
        • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.137
        • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.96
        • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.3.19
      2. I tempt
        • 320 CE – 400 CE, Oribasius, Collected Works 2.58.84
  2. (in the mediopassive, πείθομαι, and Epic future, πῐθήσω, with dative)
    • 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 1170
    • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 440
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.201
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 338a
    • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1015
    • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1207
    • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 520
    • 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1181
    • 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 624
    • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.2
    • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.34
    1. I obey, yield to
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.79
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.502
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.48
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.157
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.645
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.177
      • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 29d
      • 638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 4.11
      • 638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 13.12
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 67
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.3.39
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.2.8
    2. I believe, trust in
      • 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 592
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.8
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.12
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.146
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.81
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.408
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.238
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.192
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.45
      • 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Poems 5.34
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 13.79
      • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 25e
      • 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Crito 44c
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 235b
      • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 391b
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.8.3
  3. (second perfect active, πέποιθᾰ, with passive sense) I trust, rely on (with dative of person or thing)
    • 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 530
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.88
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.524
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.325
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.96
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.344
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.71
    • New Testament, The Gospel of Mark 10:24
    • 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 2:3
    • 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 10:7
    • New Testament, Epistle to the Galatians 5:10
    • 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Menexenus 248a
    • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Deuteronomy 33.28
    • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 769
  4. (perfect passive, πέπεισμαι, post-Epic) I believe, trust (with dative)
    • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 599
    • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 51
    • 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1190
    • New Testament, Epistle to the Hebrews 6:9
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 328e
    • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 368a
    • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Romulus 14

Inflection

Derived terms

  • ἀνᾰπείθω (anapeíthō)
  • ἄπειστος (ápeistos)
  • δῐᾰπείθω (diapeíthō)
  • δυσπειθής (duspeithḗs)
  • ἐκπείθω (ekpeíthō)
  • ἐπῐπείθομαι (epipeíthomai)
  • εὐπειθής (eupeithḗs)
  • κᾰτᾰπείθω (katapeíthō)
  • μετᾰπείθω (metapeíthō)
  • πᾰρᾰπείθω (parapeíthō)
  • Πειθαγόρας (Peithagóras)
  • πειθᾰνάγκη (peithanánkē)
  • πειθαναλογία (peithanalogía)
  • πειθαρχέω (peitharkhéō)
  • πείθαρχος (peítharkhos)
  • πειθήνιος (peithḗnios)
  • πειθοδῐκαιόσῠνος (peithodikaiósunos)
  • πειθώ (peithṓ)
  • Πείσανδρος (Peísandros)
  • πεῖσῐς (peîsis)
  • πεῖσμᾰ (peîsma)
  • πειστέον (peistéon)
  • πειστήρ (peistḗr)
  • πειστήρῐον (peistḗrion)
  • πειστῐκός (peistikós)
  • προπείθω (propeíthō)
  • σῠμπείθω (sumpeíthō)
  • ὑπερπείθομαι (huperpeíthomai)
  • ὑποπείθω (hupopeíthō)
  • ἀπειθέω (apeithéō)
  • ἀπίθανος (apíthanos)
  • ἀπιθέω (apithéō)
  • ἀπιθής (apithḗs)
  • πειθήμων (peithḗmōn)
  • Πειθώ (Peithṓ)
  • πεισμονή (peismonḗ)
  • πῐθᾰνός (pithanós)
  • πῐθᾰνόω (pithanóō)
  • πίστῐς (pístis)
  • πῐστός (pistós)
  • πίσῠνος (písunos)

References

  1. vowel shift: in Greek: μετάπτωσις (metáptōsis)
  2. ablaut, apophony: in Greek: ἑταιροίωσις (hetairoíōsis)
  3. Dental (θ) before dental (τ) or /m/ becomes /s/.

Further reading

  • πείθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • πείθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • πείθω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • πείθω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
  • πείθω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • πείθω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • G3982 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpiθo/
  • Hyphenation: πεί‧θω
  • Homophone: πίθο (pítho) (accusative sing. of masc. noun "ο πίθος")

Verb

πείθω (peítho) active (past έπεισα, passive πείθομαι)

  1. persuade, convince, induce

Conjugation

From stem πειθ- (also πεισ-)[1]

From stem πιθ- (also πισ-)[1]

From stem ποιθ-

  • πεποίθηση f (pepoíthisi)
  • πεποίθησις f (pepoíthisis) (Katharevousa)

References

  1. Dental (θ) before dental (τ) or /m/ becomes /s/.
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