ξυστός
Ancient Greek
Etymology 1
From the root of ξύω (xúō, “to scrape, plane”) + -τος (-tos, adjectival suffix).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ksys.tós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ksisˈtos/
Adjective
ξῠστός • (xustós) m (feminine ξῠστή, neuter ξῠστόν); first/second declension
- shaved, whittled with a knife or plane
- scraped, shredded, grated
- trimmed, cropped with scissors
Declension
First and second declension of ξῠστός; ξῠστή; ξῠστόν (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ξῠστός xustós | ξῠστή xustḗ | ξῠστόν xustón | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́ | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστοί xustoí | ξῠσταί xustaí | ξῠστᾰ́ xustá | |||||
Genitive | ξῠστοῦ xustoû | ξῠστῆς xustês | ξῠστοῦ xustoû | ξῠστοῖν xustoîn | ξῠσταῖν xustaîn | ξῠστοῖν xustoîn | ξῠστῶν xustôn | ξῠστῶν xustôn | ξῠστῶν xustôn | |||||
Dative | ξῠστῷ xustôi | ξῠστῇ xustêi | ξῠστῷ xustôi | ξῠστοῖν xustoîn | ξῠσταῖν xustaîn | ξῠστοῖν xustoîn | ξῠστοῖς xustoîs | ξῠσταῖς xustaîs | ξῠστοῖς xustoîs | |||||
Accusative | ξῠστόν xustón | ξῠστήν xustḗn | ξῠστόν xustón | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́ | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστούς xustoús | ξῠστᾱ́ς xustā́s | ξῠστᾰ́ xustá | |||||
Vocative | ξῠστέ xusté | ξῠστή xustḗ | ξῠστόν xustón | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστᾱ́ xustā́ | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστοί xustoí | ξῠσταί xustaí | ξῠστᾰ́ xustá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ξῠστῶς xustôs | ξῠστότερος xustóteros | ξῠστότᾰτος xustótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Etymology 2
From the adjective, in the sense of "smoothened floor".
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ksys.tós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ksysˈtos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ksisˈtos/
Noun
ξῠστός • (xustós) m (genitive ξῠστοῦ); second declension
- walking-place in the grounds of a private residence
- (architecture) covered colonnade in a gymnasium, for winter exercise
- meeting of athletes from various places to compete in sports
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ ξῠστός; τοῦ ξῠστοῦ (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ξῠστός ho xustós | τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xustṓ | οἱ ξῠστοί hoi xustoí | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ξῠστοῦ toû xustoû | τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xustoîn | τῶν ξῠστῶν tôn xustôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ξῠστῷ tôi xustôi | τοῖν ξῠστοῖν toîn xustoîn | τοῖς ξῠστοῖς toîs xustoîs | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ξῠστόν tòn xustón | τὼ ξῠστώ tṑ xustṓ | τοὺς ξῠστούς toùs xustoús | ||||||||||
Vocative | ξῠστέ xusté | ξῠστώ xustṓ | ξῠστοί xustoí | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ξυσταρχέω (xustarkhéō)
- ξυστάρχης (xustárkhēs)
- ξυσταρχία (xustarkhía)
- ξυστικός (xustikós)
Descendants
- → Latin: xystus
References
- ξυστός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ξυστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN