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单词 νυστάζω
释义

νυστάζω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Some Baltic expressions for "slumber, sleepy" are strongly reminiscent of this word, like Lithuanian snústi (to slumber away) and snudà (sleeper, dreamer); a different ablaut-grade appears in snáudžiu (to slumber) and forms with an l-suffix: Lithuanian snaudālius (sleepy man) and Latvian snaudale (sleepy-head). All these words suggest a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European root *snud- (to slumber, doze). Thus, -τάζω would be just a formal enlargement, as in κλαστάζω (klastázō) and βαστάζω (bastázō). If this is correct, the old connection with νεύω (neúō, to nod) should be abandoned.

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /nys.tá.zɔː/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /nysˈta.zo/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /nysˈta.zo/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /nysˈta.zo/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /nisˈta.zo/

Verb

νυστάζω (nustázō)

  1. be half asleep, doze, drowse
  2. hang the head

Inflection

  • Mainly in the present

Derived terms

  • ἀπονυστάζω (aponustázō)
  • ἐπῐνυστάζω (epinustázō)
  • κᾰτᾰνυστάζω (katanustázō)
  • νύσταγμα (nústagma)
  • νυσταγμός (nustagmós)
  • νυστακτής (nustaktḗs)
  • νυστακτικῶς (nustaktikôs)
  • νυστᾰλέος (nustaléos)
  • νύστᾰλος (nústalos)
  • νύσταξις (nústaxis)
  • ὑπονυστάζω (huponustázō)

Descendants

  • Greek: νυστάζω (nystázo)

Further reading

  • νυστάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • νυστάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • νυστάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek νυστάζω (nustázō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /niˈsta.zo/
  • Hyphenation: νυ‧στά‧ζω

Verb

νυστάζω (nystázo) (past νύσταξα, passive —)

  1. (intransitive) be sleepy, feel tired
    Το μωρό νυστάζει.
    To moró nystázei.
    The baby is tired.
  2. (transitive) send to sleep

Conjugation

Antonyms

  • ξενυστάζω (xenystázo, stop being sleepy)
  • νύστα f (nýsta, drowsiness, sleepiness)
  • νυσταγμένος (nystagménos, sleepy, participle)
  • νυσταγμός m (nystagmós, nystagmus) (medicine)
  • νυσταλέος (nystaléos, drowsy)
  • ξενυστάζω (xenystázo, stop being sleepy)

See also

  • ξυπνάω (xypnáo, to wake up)
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