νάφθα

νάφθα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄφθᾱς (áphthās), νᾰ́φθᾱς (náphthās)

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Persian *naftaʰ (“petroleum”), ultimately probably from Akkadian 𒉌𒆳𒊏 (/napṭu/, “petroleum”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /nápʰ.tʰa/ → /ˈnaɸ.θa/ → /ˈnaf.θa/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nápʰ.tʰa/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈnapʰ.tʰa/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈnaɸ.θa/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈnaf.θa/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈnaf.θa/

Noun

νᾰ́φθᾰ • (náphtha) f (genitive νᾰ́φθης); first declension
νᾰ́φθᾰ • (náphtha) n (indeclinable)

1. naphtha, naturally occurring liquid petroleum

Declension

First declension of ἡ νᾰ́φθᾰ; τῆς νᾰ́φθης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ νᾰ́φθᾰ hē náphtha
Genitive	τῆς νᾰ́φθης tês náphthēs
Dative	τῇ νᾰ́φθῃ têi náphthēi
Accusative	τὴν νᾰ́φθᾰν tḕn náphthan
Vocative	νᾰ́φθᾰ náphtha
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Declension of τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ; τοῦ νᾰ́φθᾰ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ tò náphtha
Genitive	τοῦ νᾰ́φθᾰ toû náphtha
Dative	τῷ νᾰ́φθᾰ tôi náphtha
Accusative	τὸ νᾰ́φθᾰ tò náphtha
Vocative	νᾰ́φθᾰ náphtha
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• νᾰφθώδης (naphthṓdēs)

Descendants

• → Greek: νάφθα (náftha) (learned)
• → Latin: naphtha (see there for further descendants)

References

• “νάφθα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• νάφθα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

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Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek νάφθα (náphtha), from Old Persian *naftaʰ. Doublet of νέφτι (néfti).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnafθa/
• Hyphenation: νά‧φθα

Noun

νάφθα • (náftha) f (uncountable)

1. (chemistry) naphtha (variable mixture of liquid hydrocarbons with boiling point of 35–200 °C)

Declension

  νάφθα

case     \\     number	singular
nominative	νάφθα •
genitive	νάφθας •
accusative	νάφθα •
vocative	νάφθα •

Coordinate terms

• βενζίνη f (venzíni, “petrol”)
• κηροζίνη f (kirozíni, “kerosene”)
• λιθανθρακόπισσα f (lithanthrakópissa, “mineral tar”)
• παραφίνη f (parafíni, “paraffin, alkane”)
• πετρέλαιο f (petrélaio, “petroleum”)
• πίσσα f (píssa, “tar”)

 

References

• νάφθα - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.

Further reading

• νάφθα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el