μύρτος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Akin to Avestan 𐬨𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀‎ (muštəməša), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwlt'), Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫇𐫡𐫅‎‎ (mwwrd‎), Persian ‎ (murd), Old Armenian մուրտ (murt), Old Georgian მურტი (murṭi, “myrtle”). Due to the variation μυρτ-/μυρσ-, Beekes opts for a Pre-Greek borrowing.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mýr.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmir.tos/

Noun

μύρτος • (múrtos) f (genitive μύρτου); second declension

myrtle (Myrtus communis)
twig or spray of myrtle

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ μῠ́ρτος; τῆς μῠ́ρτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ μῠ́ρτος hē múrtos	τὼ μῠ́ρτω tṑ múrtō	αἱ μῠ́ρτοι hai múrtoi
Genitive	τῆς μῠ́ρτου tês múrtou	τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν toîn múrtoin	τῶν μῠ́ρτων tôn múrtōn
Dative	τῇ μῠ́ρτῳ têi múrtōi	τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν toîn múrtoin	ταῖς μῠ́ρτοις taîs múrtois
Accusative	τὴν μῠ́ρτον tḕn múrton	τὼ μῠ́ρτω tṑ múrtō	τᾱ̀ς μῠ́ρτους tā̀s múrtous
Vocative	μῠ́ρτε múrte	μῠ́ρτω múrtō	μῠ́ρτοι múrtoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἱερόμυρτος (hierómurtos)
μυρσεών (murseṓn)
μυρσίνη (mursínē)
μυρσινίτης (mursinítēs)
μύρσινος (múrsinos)
μυρταλίς (murtalís)
μυρτάς (murtás)
μυρτίδανον (murtídanon)
μυρτίλωψ (murtílōps)
μυρτίς (murtís)
μύρτον (múrton)
μυρτοπέταλον (murtopétalon)
μυρτόσπληνον (murtósplēnon)
μυρτωτή (murtōtḗ)

Descendants

→ Old Church Slavonic: мѵръта (mürŭta), мрътва (mrŭtva)
→ Latin: myrtus (see there for further descendants)