μύδρος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- σμύδρος (smúdros)
Etymology
If related to μυδάω (mudáō, “to be damp, dripping”), which is formally proximate, this word originally denoted the molten, flowing metal mass as opposed to the hard iron. However, the technical meaning and the variant σμύδρος (smúdros) rather suggest a Pre-Greek origin.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mý.dros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈmy.dros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈmy.ðros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈmi.ðros/
Noun
μῠ́δρος • (múdros) m (genitive μῠ́δρου); second declension
- metal or iron mass roasted in fire
- anvil of stone or metal
- Synonym: ἄκμων (ákmōn)
- red hot iron in the hands, as an ordeal
- stone throw out by a volcano, lapillus
- red hot stone throw in a liquid to vaporize it
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ μῠ́δρος; τοῦ μῠ́δρου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ μῠ́δρος ho múdros | τὼ μῠ́δρω tṑ múdrō | οἱ μῠ́δροι hoi múdroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ μῠ́δρου toû múdrou | τοῖν μῠ́δροιν toîn múdroin | τῶν μῠ́δρων tôn múdrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ μῠ́δρῳ tôi múdrōi | μῠ́δροιν múdroin | τοῖς μῠ́δροις toîs múdrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν μῠ́δρον tòn múdron | μῠ́δρω múdrō | τοὺς μῠ́δρους toùs múdrous | ||||||||||
Vocative | μῠ́δρε múdre | μῠ́δρω múdrō | μῠ́δροι múdroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- μυδρίασις (mudríasis)
- μυδροκτυπέω (mudroktupéō)
- μυδροκτύπος (mudroktúpos)
Descendants
- Greek: μύδρος (mýdros)
Further reading
- μύδρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- μύδρος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- μύδρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN