Μαρδόνιος

Μαρδόνιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Old Persian 𐎶𐎼𐎯𐎢𐎴𐎡𐎹 (m-r-du-u-n-i-y /Mr̥dunyaʰ/)[1][2].

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mar.dó.ni.os/ → /marˈðo.ni.os/ → /marˈðo.ni.os/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mar.dó.ni.os/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /marˈdo.ni.os/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /marˈðo.ni.os/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /marˈðo.ni.os/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /marˈðo.ni.os/

Proper noun

Μαρδόνιος • (Mardónios) m (genitive Μαρδονίου); second declension

1. a male given name from Old Persian Mardonius
   1. father of Darius the Great's companion Gobryas who helped him overthrow Gaumata
   2. son of Gobryas and of a daughter of Darius the Great and grandson of the previous Μαρδόνιος, husband of Artazostre and father of Artontes, and brother-in-law and cousin of Xerxes I
   3. a bodyguard of Xerxes I killed at the Battle of Artemisium by a brother of Themistocles

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ Μαρδόνιος; τοῦ Μαρδονίου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Μαρδόνιος ho Mardónios
Genitive	τοῦ Μαρδονίου toû Mardoníou
Dative	τῷ Μαρδονίῳ tôi Mardoníōi
Accusative	τὸν Μαρδόνιον tòn Mardónion
Vocative	Μαρδόνιε Mardónie
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: Μαρδόνιος (Mardónios)
• → Latin: Mardonius

References

1. Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 169
2. Tavernier, Jan (2007), “1.2.23. Mạrduniya- (M-r-du-u-n-i-y-): Mạrdu-n-iya-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 19

Further reading

• Justi, Ferdinand (1895), “Marduniya”, in Iranisches Namenbuch (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 195a
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,016