μένω
See also: μενῶ
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- μίνω (mínō) – Arcadocypriot
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *ménō, from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to stay, stand still”). Cognates include Latin maneō (“remain”), Persian ماندن (mândan, “to remain”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mé.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈme.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈme.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈme.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈme.no/
Verb
μένω • (ménō)
- I stay, wait
- (in battle) I stand fast
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 854
- 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 945
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.55
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.317
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.659
- 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 295
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.26
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.45
- I stay where I am
- 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Fragments 317
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 232
- 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 656
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.62
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 598
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.838
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 3.43
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 80
- I lodge
- Alciphron, Collected Works 3.5
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Ep. 13
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 4.146
- 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 30.4.10
- I tarry; I loiter, am idle
- 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 796
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.45
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.666
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.570
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.4.19
- (of things) I am lasting; I remain, stand
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 672
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 744
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.434
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 6.4
- 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, Sto. 339.15
- 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Cratylus 440a
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 261d
- (of condition) I remain
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1133b14
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1167b7
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 9
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Philip 11
- 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 1000
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.5
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.201
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.263
- 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, On the Peace 7
- 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 480b
- Module:Quotations:428: attempt to compare number with nil
- Module:Quotations:428: attempt to compare number with nil
- 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 12.2.8
- 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 169
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.76
- I abide by
- 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 94
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 356e
- (impersonal, with infinitive) it remains
- 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 435
- 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 733
- (in battle) I stand fast
- (of persons) I await, expect
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1277
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 103
- 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Fragments 37
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 436
- 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 740
- 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 66
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.527
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.620
- New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 20:23
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.124
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.78
- I wait for (accusative) to (infinitive)
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 459
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 677
- 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 255
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.247
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.422
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 3.16
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 351
Inflection
Present: μένω
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μένω | μένεις | μένει | μένετον | μένετον | μένομεν | μένετε | μένουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | μένω | μένῃς | μένῃ | μένητον | μένητον | μένωμεν | μένητε | μένωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μένοιμῐ | μένοις | μένοι | μένοιτον | μενοίτην | μένοιμεν | μένοιτε | μένοιεν | |||||
imperative | μένε | μενέτω | μένετον | μενέτων | μένετε | μενόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μένειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μένων | |||||||||||
f | μένουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μένον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔμενον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔμενον | ἔμενες | ἔμενε(ν) | ἐμένετον | ἐμενέτην | ἐμένομεν | ἐμένετε | ἔμενον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: μένεσκον (Epic, Ionic)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μένεσκον | μένεσκες | μένεσκε(ν) | μενέσκετον | μενεσκέτην | μενέσκομεν | μενέσκετε | μένεσκον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: μενέω (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μενέω | μενέεις | μενέει | μενέετον | μενέετον | μενέομεν | μενέετε | μενέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | μενέοιμῐ | μενέοις | μενέοι | μενέοιτον | μενεοίτην | μενέοιμεν | μενέοιτε | μενέοιεν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μενέειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μενέων | |||||||||||
f | μενέουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μενέον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: μενῶ (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μενῶ | μενεῖς | μενεῖ | μενεῖτον | μενεῖτον | μενοῦμεν | μενεῖτε | μενοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | μενοίην, μενοῖμῐ | μενοίης, μενοῖς | μενοίη, μενοῖ | μενοῖτον, μενοίητον | μενοίτην, μενοιήτην | μενοῖμεν, μενοίημεν | μενοῖτε, μενοίητε | μενοῖεν, μενοίησᾰν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μενεῖν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μενῶν | |||||||||||
f | μενοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μενοῦν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἔμεινᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔμεινᾰ | ἔμεινᾰς | ἔμεινε(ν) | ἐμείνᾰτον | ἐμεινᾰ́την | ἐμείνᾰμεν | ἐμείνᾰτε | ἔμεινᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | μείνω | μείνῃς | μείνῃ | μείνητον | μείνητον | μείνωμεν | μείνητε | μείνωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μείναιμῐ | μείνειᾰς, μείναις | μείνειε(ν), μείναι | μείναιτον | μειναίτην | μείναιμεν | μείναιτε | μείνειᾰν, μείναιεν | |||||
imperative | μεῖνον | μεινᾰ́τω | μείνᾰτον | μεινᾰ́των | μείνᾰτε | μεινᾰ́ντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μεῖναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μείνᾱς | |||||||||||
f | μείνᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μεῖνᾰν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: μεμένηκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μεμένηκᾰ | μεμένηκᾰς | μεμένηκε(ν) | μεμενήκᾰτον | μεμενήκᾰτον | μεμενήκᾰμεν | μεμενήκᾰτε | μεμενήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | μεμενήκω | μεμενήκῃς | μεμενήκῃ | μεμενήκητον | μεμενήκητον | μεμενήκωμεν | μεμενήκητε | μεμενήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μεμενήκοιμῐ, μεμενηκοίην | μεμενήκοις, μεμενηκοίης | μεμενήκοι, μεμενηκοίη | μεμενήκοιτον | μεμενηκοίτην | μεμενήκοιμεν | μεμενήκοιτε | μεμενήκοιεν | |||||
imperative | μεμένηκε | μεμενηκέτω | μεμενήκετον | μεμενηκέτων | μεμενήκετε | μεμενηκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μεμενηκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μεμενηκώς | |||||||||||
f | μεμενηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μεμενηκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀνᾰμένω (anaménō)
- Ἀναξιμένης (Anaximénēs)
- ἀπομένω (apoménō)
- δῐᾰμένω (diaménō)
- ἐμμενές (emmenés)
- ἐμμένω (emménō)
- ἐπιμένω (epiménō)
- Θηραμένης (Thēraménēs)
- Ἱππομένης (Hippoménēs)
- κᾰτᾰμένω (kataménō)
- μεναίχμης (menaíkhmēs)
- Μέναιχμος (Ménaikhmos)
- μενεδήϊος (menedḗïos)
- Μενεκρᾰ́της (Menekrátēs)
- Μενέκωλος (Menékōlos)
- Μενέλᾱος (Menélāos)
- Μενέξενος (Menéxenos)
- μενεπτόλεμος (meneptólemos)
- μενετέον (menetéon)
- μενετικός (menetikós)
- μενετός (menetós)
- μενεφύλοπῐς (menephúlopis)
- μενεχάρμης (menekhármēs)
- μένημα (ménēma)
- μενητέον (menētéon)
- μενητικός (menētikós)
- μενητός (menētós)
- πᾰρᾰμένω (paraménō)
- περιμένω (periménō)
- προσμένω (prosménō)
- σῠμμένω (summénō)
- ὑπομένω (hupoménō)
Related terms
- Ἀγαμέμνων (Agamémnōn)
- Μέμνων (Mémnōn)
- μίμνω (mímnō)
- μονή (monḗ)
Further reading
- “μένω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μένω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μένω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μένω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “μένω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3306 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek μένω (ménō), from Proto-Indo-European *men-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈme.no/
- Hyphenation: μέ‧νω
Verb
μένω • (méno) (past έμεινα, passive —)
- (intransitive) stay, reside, live (somewhere)
- δεν μένω πια εδώ ― den méno pia edó ― I don't live here anymore
- Οι γονείς μου τότε έμεναν στην Αθήνα.
- Oi goneís mou tóte émenan stin Athína.
- My parents were then living in Athens.
- (copulative) stay, remain (in a condition)
- μένω ανύπαντρος ― méno anýpantros ― I remain single
- (intransitive) remain, be left over see: μένει (ménei) (3rd person, impersonal)
- Δεν μένει τίποτα να πούμε. ― Den ménei típota na poúme. ― There is nothing left to be said.
- (transitive) fail (examination)
Conjugation
μένω (active voice only)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | μένω | μείνω | ||
2 sg | μένεις | μείνεις | ||
3 sg | μένει1 | μείνει | ||
1 pl | μένουμε, [‑ομε] | μείνουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | μένετε | μείνετε | ||
3 pl | μένουν(ε) | μείνουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | έμενα | έμεινα | ||
2 sg | έμενες | έμεινες | ||
3 sg | έμενε | έμεινε | ||
1 pl | μέναμε | μείναμε | ||
2 pl | μένατε | μείνατε | ||
3 pl | έμεναν, μέναν(ε) | έμειναν, μείναν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα μένω ➤ | θα μείνω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα μένεις, … | θα μείνεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … μείνει | |||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … μείνει | |||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … μείνει | |||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | μένε | μείνε | ||
2 pl | μένετε | μείνετε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | μένοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας μείνει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | — | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | μείνει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs | 1. Also as impersonal. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Synonyms
- (reside): κατοικώ (katoikó, “to inhabit, to reside permanently”)
- (remain): απομένω (apoméno)
- (remain): παραμένω (paraméno)
Related terms
and see their related words
- αναμένω (anaméno, “to expect, wait for”)
- απομεινάρι n (apomeinári, “remnant”)
- απομένω (apoméno, “to remain, be left”)
- διαμένω (diaméno, “to stay, reside”)
- επιμένω (epiméno, “to insist”)
- παραμένω (paraméno, “to remain, persist”)
- περιμένω (periméno, “to wait for, await”)
- προσμένω (prosméno, “to wait patiently”)
See also
- μένω (méno, “to live, be alive”)