κῆρυξ
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- κᾶρῠξ (kârux) – Aeolic
Etymology
Probably a Pre-Greek word as suggested by the long -ύ- and enlarged -κ-. Often compared to Sanskrit कारु (kāru, “singer, poet”) but Beekes rejects this.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kɛ̂ː.ryks/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈke̝.ryks/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈci.ryks/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈci.ryks/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈci.riks/
Noun
κῆρῠξ • (kêrux) m (genitive κήρῡκος); third declension
- herald, pursuivant
- public messenger, envoy
- Synonym: ἀπόστολος (apóstolos)
- crier, who made proclamation and kept order in assemblies
- auctioneer
- trumpet shell (Charonia lampas)
- Synonym: στρόμβος (strómbos)
Declension
Third declension of ὁ κῆρῠξ; τοῦ κήρῡκος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ κῆρῠξ ho kêrux | τὼ κήρῡκε tṑ kḗrūke | οἱ κήρῡκες hoi kḗrūkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κήρῡκος toû kḗrūkos | τοῖν κηρῡ́κοιν toîn kērū́koin | τῶν κηρῡ́κων tôn kērū́kōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κήρῡκῐ tôi kḗrūki | τοῖν κηρῡ́κοιν toîn kērū́koin | τοῖς κήρῡξῐ / κήρῡξῐν toîs kḗrūxi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν κήρῡκᾰ tòn kḗrūka | τὼ κήρῡκε tṑ kḗrūke | τοὺς κήρῡκᾰς toùs kḗrūkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | κῆρῠξ kêrux | κήρῡκε kḗrūke | κήρῡκες kḗrūkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Third declension of κῆρῠξ; κήρῡκος (Epic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | κῆρῠξ kêrux | κήρῡκε kḗrūke | κήρῡκες kḗrūkes | ||||||||||
Genitive | κήρῡκος kḗrūkos | κηρῡ́κοιῐν kērū́koiin | κηρῡ́κων kērū́kōn | ||||||||||
Dative | κήρῡκῐ kḗrūki | κηρῡ́κοιῐν kērū́koiin | κήρῡξῐ / κήρῡξῐν / κηρῡ́κεσσῐ / κηρῡ́κεσσῐν / κηρῡ́κεσῐ / κηρῡ́κεσῐν kḗrūxi(n) / kērū́kessi(n) / kērū́kesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | κήρῡκᾰ kḗrūka | κήρῡκε kḗrūke | κήρῡκᾰς kḗrūkas | ||||||||||
Vocative | κῆρῠξ kêrux | κήρῡκε kḗrūke | κήρῡκες kḗrūkes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἱεροκῆρῠξ (hierokêrux)
- κήρυγμα (kḗrugma)
- κηρυγμός (kērugmós)
- κηρύκαινα (kērúkaina)
- κηρυκεία (kērukeía)
- κηρύκειον (kērúkeion)
- κηρύκειος (kērúkeios)
- κηρύκευμα (kērúkeuma)
- κηρύκευσις (kērúkeusis)
- κηρυκεύω (kērukeúō)
- κηρυκικός (kērukikós)
- κηρύκινος (kērúkinos)
- κηρυκιοειδής (kērukioeidḗs)
- κηρύκιον (kērúkion)
- κηρυκιοφόρος (kērukiophóros)
- κηρυκώδης (kērukṓdēs)
- κηρύσσω (kērússō)
- ψευδοκῆρῠξ (pseudokêrux)
References
- “κῆρυξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κῆρυξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κῆρυξ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κῆρυξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κῆρυξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN