κότος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
It has been compared with a Celto-Germanic word for "struggle, fight", found in Proto-Celtic *katus (“battle”) and Proto-Germanic *haþuz (“battle, fight”), as well as perhaps Old Church Slavonic котора (kotora, “quarrel”), suggesting a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”). Further, perhaps, with palatal anlaut, Sanskrit शत्रु (śatru, “enemy, foe, rival”), while Machek additionaly compares Czech katiti se (“to be annoyed”). All in all, not very clear.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kó.tos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈko.tos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈko.tos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈko.tos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈko.tos/
Noun
κότος • (kótos) m (genitive κότου); second declension
- grudge, rancour, animosity, ill will
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ κότος; τοῦ κότου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ κότος ho kótos | τὼ κότω tṑ kótō | οἱ κότοι hoi kótoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κότου toû kótou | τοῖν κότοιν toîn kótoin | τῶν κότων tôn kótōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κότῳ tôi kótōi | κότοιν kótoin | τοῖς κότοις toîs kótois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν κότον tòn kóton | κότω kótō | τοὺς κότους toùs kótous | ||||||||||
Vocative | κότε kóte | κότω kótō | κότοι kótoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
- ἔγκοτος (énkotos)
- κοτέω (kotéō)
- κοτήεις (kotḗeis)
References
- κότος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κότος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κότος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κότος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κότος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN