κόνδυλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The formation is similar to δάκτυλος (dáktulos) and σφόνδυλος (sphóndulos); the bare stem is seen in κόνδοι (kóndoi, “vertebrae”). Most connections outside Greek, like Sanskrit कन्द (kanda, “bulb”) and Sanskrit कन्दुक (kanduka, “playball, cushion”) can be rejected straightaway. The word is probably of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the structure.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kón.dy.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.dy.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.dy.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.dy.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.di.los/

Noun

κόνδῠλος • (kóndulos) m (genitive κονδῠ́λου); second declension

(anatomy) knuckle (of any joint)
knot in a string
any hard, bony knob
(pathology) swelling of the gum

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κόνδῠλος; τοῦ κονδῠ́λου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κόνδῠλος ho kóndulos	τὼ κονδῠ́λω tṑ kondúlō	οἱ κόνδῠλοι hoi kónduloi
Genitive	τοῦ κονδῠ́λου toû kondúlou	τοῖν κονδῠ́λοιν toîn kondúloin	τῶν κονδῠ́λων tôn kondúlōn
Dative	τῷ κονδῠ́λῳ tôi kondúlōi	τοῖν κονδῠ́λοιν toîn kondúloin	τοῖς κονδῠ́λοις toîs kondúlois
Accusative	τὸν κόνδῠλον tòn kóndulon	τὼ κονδῠ́λω tṑ kondúlō	τοὺς κονδῠ́λους toùs kondúlous
Vocative	κόνδῠλε kóndule	κονδῠ́λω kondúlō	κόνδῠλοι kónduloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

δικόνδυλος (dikóndulos)
κονδυλίζω (kondulízō)
κονδύλιον (kondúlion)
κονδυλισμός (kondulismós)
κονδυλιστής (kondulistḗs)
κονδυλοειδής (konduloeidḗs)
κονδυλόομαι (kondulóomai)
κονδυλώδης (kondulṓdēs)
κονδύλωμα (kondúlōma)
κονδύλωσις (kondúlōsis)
κονδυλωτός (kondulōtós)
μονοκόνδυλος (monokóndulos)

Descendants

Greek: κόνδυλος (kóndylos)

References

κόνδυλος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
κόνδυλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

Greek

Noun

κόνδυλος • (kóndylos) m (plural κόνδυλοι)

(botany) tuber
(anatomy) condyle

Declension

declension of κόνδυλος

	singular	plural
nominative	κόνδυλος •	κόνδυλοι •
genitive	κονδύλου •	κονδύλων •
accusative	κόνδυλο •	κονδύλους •
vocative	κόνδυλε •	κόνδυλοι •

Related terms

ηλίανθος ο κονδυλώδης m (ilíanthos o kondylódis, “Jerusalem artichoke”)