κυρτός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
The word remains without direct agreement. The comparison with Latin curvus (“curved”) presupposes that the Greek adjective continues a reduced grade *kʷr-to- with u coloring. As a u colored reduced grade is difficult, it is doubtful whether this comparison is valid at all. The comparison with κορώνη (korṓnē, “anything curved”) is also unfounded.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kyr.tós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kyrˈtos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /cyrˈtos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /cyrˈtos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /cirˈtos/
Adjective
κῠρτός • (kurtós) m (feminine κῠρτή, neuter κῠρτόν); first/second declension
- bulging, swelling
- arched, vaulted
- humped, hunchbacked, gibbous
- Synonym: ὑβός (hubós)
- convex, outcurved
- Antonym: κοῖλος (koîlos)
Inflection
First and second declension of κῠρτός; κῠρτή; κῠρτόν (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | κῠρτός kurtós | κῠρτή kurtḗ | κῠρτόν kurtón | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́ | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτοί kurtoí | κῠρταί kurtaí | κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá | |||||
Genitive | κῠρτοῦ kurtoû | κῠρτῆς kurtês | κῠρτοῦ kurtoû | κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn | κῠρταῖν kurtaîn | κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn | κῠρτῶν kurtôn | κῠρτῶν kurtôn | κῠρτῶν kurtôn | |||||
Dative | κῠρτῷ kurtôi | κῠρτῇ kurtêi | κῠρτῷ kurtôi | κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn | κῠρταῖν kurtaîn | κῠρτοῖν kurtoîn | κῠρτοῖς kurtoîs | κῠρταῖς kurtaîs | κῠρτοῖς kurtoîs | |||||
Accusative | κῠρτόν kurtón | κῠρτήν kurtḗn | κῠρτόν kurtón | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́ | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτούς kurtoús | κῠρτᾱ́ς kurtā́s | κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá | |||||
Vocative | κῠρτέ kurté | κῠρτή kurtḗ | κῠρτόν kurtón | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτᾱ́ kurtā́ | κῠρτώ kurtṓ | κῠρτοί kurtoí | κῠρταί kurtaí | κῠρτᾰ́ kurtá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
κῠρτῶς kurtôs | κῠρτότερος kurtóteros | κῠρτότᾰτος kurtótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- κῠρταίνω (kurtaínō)
- κῠρταύχην (kurtaúkhēn)
- κῠρτοειδής (kurtoeidḗs)
- κῠρτότης (kurtótēs)
- κῠρτόω (kurtóō)
- κῠ́ρτωμᾰ (kúrtōma)
- κῠ́ρτωσῐς (kúrtōsis)
- κῠρτωτός (kurtōtós)
Descendants
- Greek: κυρτός (kyrtós)
Further reading
- “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κυρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κυρτός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κυρτός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κυρτός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κυρτός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 808
Greek
Adjective
κυρτός • (kyrtós) m (feminine κυρτή, neuter κυρτό)
- convex
Declension
Declension of κυρτός
number case \\ gender | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | κυρτός • | κυρτή • | κυρτό • | κυρτοί • | κυρτές • | κυρτά • |
genitive | κυρτού • | κυρτής • | κυρτού • | κυρτών • | κυρτών • | κυρτών • |
accusative | κυρτό • | κυρτή • | κυρτό • | κυρτούς • | κυρτές • | κυρτά • |
vocative | κυρτέ • | κυρτή • | κυρτό • | κυρτοί • | κυρτές • | κυρτά • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κυρτός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κυρτός, etc.) |
Antonyms
- κοίλος (koílos, “concave”)
Descendants
- Translingual: Cyrtandra