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单词 bad
释义

bad

See also: Bad, BAD, bád, båd, bað, բադ, and বাদ

Translingual

Symbol

bad

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Banda languages.

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bæd/
  • (General Australian) IPA(key): /bæːd/
  • (New Zealand) IPA(key): /bɛd/
  • (Wales) IPA(key): /baːd/
  • (æ-tensing) IPA(key): /bɛəd/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æd

Etymology 1

From Middle English bad, badde (“wicked, evil, depraved”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps a shortening of Old English bæddel (“hermaphrodite”) (for loss of -el compare Middle English muche from Old English myċel, and Middle English wenche from Old English wenċel), or at least related to it and/or to bǣ̆dan (“to defile”), compare Old High German pad (“hermaphrodite”). Alternatively, perhaps a loan from Old Norse into Middle English, compare Norwegian bad (“effort, trouble, fear”, neuter noun), East Danish bad (“damage, destruction, fight”, neuter noun), from the Proto-Germanic noun *badą, whence also Proto-Germanic *badōn (“to frighten”), Old Saxon undarbadōn (“to frighten”), Norwegian Nynorsk bada (“to weigh down, press”)[1].

Adjective

bad (comparative worse or (nonstandard) badder, superlative worst or (nonstandard) baddest)

  1. Unfavorable; negative; not good.
    Synonyms: unfavorable, negative; see also Thesaurus:bad
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter X, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
      He looked round the poor room, at the distempered walls, and the bad engravings in meretricious frames, the crinkly paper and wax flowers on the chiffonier; and he thought of a room like Father Bryan's, with panelling, with cut glass, with tulips in silver pots, such a room as he had hoped to have for his own.
    Hiring you was very bad for this company.
    The weather looks pretty bad right now.
    He is in a bad mood.
    You have very bad grades.
  2. Not suitable or fitting.
    Synonyms: inappropriate, unfit; see also Thesaurus:unsuitable
    Do you think it is a bad idea to confront him directly?
  3. Not appropriate, of manners etc.
    • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
      “ […] if you call my duds a ‘livery’ again there'll be trouble. It's bad enough to go around togged out like a life saver on a drill day, but I can stand that 'cause I'm paid for it. What I won't stand is to have them togs called a livery. […] ”
    It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.
  4. Unhealthy; liable to cause health problems.
    Synonyms: unhealthful, unwholesome; see also Thesaurus:harmful
    Lard is bad for you. Smoking is bad for you, too. Grapes are bad for dogs but not for humans.
  5. (chiefly applied to a person's state of health) Sickly, unhealthy, unwell.
    Synonyms: ill, poorly, sickly; see also Thesaurus:ill
    Joe's in a bad way; he can't even get out of bed.
    I went to the hospital to see how my grandfather was doing. Unfortunately, he's in a bad state.
    I've had a bad back since the accident.
  6. (often childish) Not behaving; behaving badly; misbehaving; mischievous or disobedient.
    Stop being bad, or you will get a spanking!
  7. Tricky; stressful; unpleasant.
    Synonyms: foul, loathsome; see also Thesaurus:unpleasant
    Divorce is usually a bad experience for everybody involved.
  8. (sometimes childish) Evil; wicked.
    Synonyms: vile, vicious; see also Thesaurus:evil
    Be careful. There are bad people in the world.
  9. Faulty; not functional.
    Synonyms: inoperative; see also Thesaurus:out of order
    I had a bad headlight.
  10. (of food) Spoiled, rotten, overripe.
    Synonyms: rotten; see also Thesaurus:rotten
    These apples have gone bad.
  11. (of breath) Malodorous; foul.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:malodorous
    Bad breath is not pleasant for anyone.
  12. False; counterfeit; illegitimate.
    Synonyms: fake, spurious; see also Thesaurus:fake
    They were caught trying to pass bad coinage.
  13. Unskilled; of limited ability; not good.
    Synonyms: bungling, inept; see also Thesaurus:unskilled
    I'm pretty bad at speaking French.
    He's a bad gardener; everything he tries to grow ends up dying.
  14. Of poor physical appearance.
    Synonyms: repulsive, unsightly; see also Thesaurus:ugly
    I look really bad whenever I get less than seven hours of sleep.
    I don't look bad in this dress, do I?
  15. (informal) Bold and daring.
    Synonyms: (slang) badass; see also Thesaurus:brave
  16. (slang) Good, superlative, excellent, cool.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:good
    Man, that new car you bought is bad!
    You is bad, man!
    • 1986, Darryl McDaniels and Joseph Simmons (lyrics and music), “Peter Piper”, in Raising Hell, performed by Run-DMC:
      He's the big bad wolf in your neighborhood / not bad meaning bad, but bad meaning good
    • 1994, N2Deep (lyrics), “Best Ever”, in 24-7-365, track 7:
      Man, that bitch was bad—it was the best piece of pussy that I ever had.
  17. (of a need, want, or pain) Severe, urgent.
    Synonyms: dire; see also Thesaurus:urgent
    He is in bad need of a haircut.
    • 1965, Teddy Randazzo, Bobby Weinstein, Bobby Hart (lyrics and music), “Hurt So Bad”, in Hurt So Bad, performed by The Lettermen:
      Oh let me tell you that it / Hurts so bad/ It makes me feel so sad / You make it hurt so bad / To see you again.
  18. (US, slang) Overly promiscuous, licentious.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:promiscuous
    • 2005, Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), “Stay Fly”, in Most Known Unknown‎, Sony BMG, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG):
      You leave your girl around me; if she's bad she's gonna get stuck.
  19. (originally African-American Vernacular, slang, of a woman) Very attractive; hot, sexy.
    Hopefully I can pull some bad bitches tonight.
  20. (slang, of a draft/check) Not covered by funds on account.
    Synonyms: rubber, hot
    He gave me a bad check.
Synonyms
  • abandoned
  • abominable
  • base
  • corrupt
  • deficient
  • detestable
  • disgusting
  • inferior
  • lousy
  • off
  • poor
  • punk
  • substandard
  • unacceptable
  • ungodly
  • unsatisfactory
  • vicious
  • wanting
  • wretched
  • wrong
Antonyms
  • adequate
  • advantageous
  • beneficial
  • benevolent
  • choice
  • competent
  • excellent
  • exceptional
  • first-class
  • first-rate
  • good
  • honest
  • just
  • premium
  • prime
  • profitable
  • propitious
  • reputable
  • right
  • sincere
  • sufficient
  • superior
  • true
  • upright
  • virtuous
  • worthy
Derived terms
  • a bad penny always comes back
  • a bad penny always turns up
  • a bad tree does not yield good apples
  • a bad workman always blames his tools
  • bad actor
  • bad aji
  • bad apple
  • bad appling
  • bad-ass
  • bad ass
  • bad-assery
  • bad-assness
  • Bad Axe
  • bad bank
  • bad beat
  • bad belle
  • bad bishop
  • bad bitch
  • bad blood
  • bad books
  • bad-boy
  • bad boy
  • bad breath
  • bad cess
  • bad check
  • bad comes to worse
  • bad comes to worst
  • bad company
  • bad debt
  • badden
  • baddie
  • bad egg
  • bad ending
  • bad eye
  • bad faith
  • bad form
  • bad for you
  • bad girl
  • bad guy
  • bad hair day
  • bad hat
  • bad hop
  • bad humor
  • bad humour
  • bad influence
  • bad iron
  • bad-jacket
  • bad joke
  • bad-lad split
  • bad language
  • bad light
  • bad-looking
  • bad loser
  • bad lot
  • bad luck
  • badman
  • bad-mannered
  • bad manners
  • bad medicine
  • bad mind
  • bad-minded
  • bad money
  • bad money drives out good
  • bad-mouth
  • bad name
  • badness
  • bad news
  • bad news travels fast
  • bad off
  • bad old days
  • bad part of town
  • bad penny
  • bad press
  • bad quarto
  • bad rap
  • bad scran to someone
  • bad seed
  • bad show
  • bad sign
  • bad-talk
  • bad taste in one's mouth
  • bad-tempered
  • Bad Thing
  • bad things come in threes
  • bad to beat
  • bad to the bone
  • bad trip
  • bad up
  • bad winner
  • bad word
  • bearer of bad news
  • be taken bad
  • big bad
  • break bad
  • down bad
  • drop like a bad habit
  • feel-bad
  • get on someone's bad side
  • get the bacon bad
  • give a bad name
  • give something up as a bad job
  • go bad
  • go from bad to worse
  • gone bad
  • good-bad
  • good cop bad cop
  • good riddance to bad rubbish
  • go to the bad
  • have it bad
  • in a bad way
  • in bad
  • in bad odor
  • in bad odour
  • in bad part
  • in bad shape
  • make the best of a bad bargain
  • make the best of a bad job
  • miles of bad road
  • not bad
  • not half bad
  • one of His Majesty's bad bargains
  • Orange Man bad
  • so bad it's good
  • something bad
  • the bad penny always comes back
  • the bad penny always turns up
  • the bad place
  • there are bad apples in every orchard
  • there is no such thing as bad press
  • there is no such thing as bad publicity
  • throw good money after bad
  • too bad
  • with bad grace
Translations
spoilt, rotten, overripe — see spoilt
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
  • astray
  • base
  • bum
  • contemptible
  • defective
  • despicable
  • dirty
  • execrable
  • faulty
  • flawed
  • inadequate
  • insufficient
  • lacking
  • lesser
  • low-grade
  • mediocre
  • par
  • reprehensible
  • scurrilous
  • second-rate
  • under
  • unspeakable
  • useless
  • valueless
  • villainous
  • worthless

Adverb

bad (comparative worse, superlative worst)

  1. (now colloquial) Badly.
    I didn't do too bad in the last exam.
    • 1969, Lennon–McCartney (lyrics and music), “I Want You (She’s So Heavy)”, in Abbey Road, performed by The Beatles:
      I want you / I want you so bad, it's driving me mad
Translations
badly — see badly

Noun

bad (plural bads)

  1. Something that is bad; a harm or evil.
    • 2001, Ann Belford Ulanov, Finding Space: Winnicott, God, and Psychic Reality (page 59)
      We idealize God as supergoodness in order to protect against a bad that we cannot unite with ourselves.
  2. (slang, with possessive determiner) Error; mistake.
    • 1993, Mitch Albom, Fab five: basketball, trash talk, the American dream‎:
      "My bad, My bad!” Juwan yelled, scowling
    • 2003, Zane, Skyscraper, page 7:
      “Chico, you're late again.” I turned around and stared him in his beady eyes. “I missed my bus. My bad, Donald.” “Your bad? Your bad? What kind of English is that?
    • 2008, Camika Spencer, Cubicles, page 68:
      Teresa broke out in laughter. “Dang, I sound like I'm talking to my man.” “I tried your cell phone, but you didn't answer.” “I left it at home, Friday. My bad.” “Yeah, your bad.” I laughed. “Really, I'm sorry. It won't happen again.
  3. (countable, uncountable, economics) An item (or kind of item) of merchandise with negative value; an unwanted good.
    • 2011, Thompson, Henry, International Economics: Global Markets and Competition, 3rd edition, World Scientific, page 97:
      Imports are an economic good but exports an economic bad. Exports must be produced but are enjoyed by foreign consumers.
    • 2011, William J. Boyes, Michael Melvin, Economics, 9th edition, Cengage Learning, page 4:
      An economic bad is anything that you would pay to get rid of. It is not so hard to think of examples of bads: pollution, garbage, and disease fit the description.
Translations

Interjection

bad

  1. Used to scold a misbehaving child or pet.
Translations

References

  1. Kroonen, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic, s.v. *badōjan-

Etymology 2

From Middle English bad, from Old English bæd, first and third-person singular indicative past tense of biddan (“to ask”).

Verb

bad

  1. (archaic) alternative past of bid. See bade.

Etymology 3

Unknown

Verb

bad (third-person singular simple present bads, present participle badding, simple past and past participle badded)

  1. (Britain, dialect, transitive) To shell (a walnut).
    • 1876, The Gloucester Journal, Oct. 7, 1876, reported in A. Gregory, “Gloucestershire Dialect,” Notes and Queries, 5th ser., 6, 148 (1876‑10‑28): 346
      A curious specimen of Gloucestershire dialect came out in an assault case heard by the Gloucester court magistrates on Saturday. One of the witnesses, speaking of what a girl was doing at the time the assault took place, said she was ‘badding’ walnuts in a pigstye. The word is peculiarly provincial: to ‘bad’ walnuts is to strip away the husk. The walnut, too, is often called a ‘bannut,’ and hence the old Gloucestershire phrase, ‘Come an’ bad the bannuts.’

Anagrams

  • ABD, ADB, Abd., BDA, D.B.A., DAB, DBA, abd., d/b/a, dab, dba

Afar

Bad.

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Somali bád and Saho bad.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbʌd/
  • Hyphenation: bad

Noun

bád m (plural badoodá f)

  1. lake, sea, ocean

Declension

Declension of bád
absolutivebád
predicativebáda
subjectivebád
genitivebaddí
Postpositioned forms
l-casebádal
k-casebádak
t-casebádat
h-casebádah

Derived terms

  • baddi mára

References

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “bad”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004) Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, →ISBN, page 35

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [bɑt]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

bad (plural baddens, diminutive badjie)

  1. bath
  • baaie

References

  • 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse bað, Proto-Germanic *baþą (“bath”), cognate with English bath and German Bad.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈb̥að]
  • Rhymes: -ad

Noun

bad n (singular definite badet, plural indefinite bade)

  1. bath, shower, swim
  2. bathroom
Inflection
Declension of bad
neuter
gender		SingularPlural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativebadbadetbadebadene
genitivebadsbadetsbadesbadenes

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈb̥æˀð], [ˈb̥æðˀ]

Verb

bad

  1. past tense of bede

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈb̥æˀð], [ˈb̥æðˀ]

Verb

bad

  1. imperative of bade

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɑt/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: bad
  • Rhymes: -ɑt
  • Homophone: Bath

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bat, from Old Dutch *bath, from Proto-Germanic *baþą.

Noun

bad n (plural baden, diminutive badje n)

  1. bath (object)
  2. the act or process of bathing
  3. immersion
Derived terms
  • babybad
  • badderen
  • badeend
  • badgast
  • badgoed
  • badhanddoek
  • badhokje
  • badhuis
  • badinrichting
  • badjas
  • badjuf
  • badjuffrouw
  • badkachel
  • badkamer
  • badkleding
  • badknecht
  • badkuip
  • badlaken
  • badlokaal
  • badman
  • badmantel
  • badmat
  • badmeester
  • badmuts
  • badpak
  • badparel
  • badplaats
  • badruimte
  • badscène
  • badschuim
  • badstof
  • badwater
  • badzout
  • bierbad
  • bloedbad
  • bubbelbad
  • buitenbad
  • dampbad
  • doelgroepenbad
  • golfslagbad
  • instructiebad
  • kinderbad
  • kleuterbad
  • ligbad
  • melkbad
  • modderbad
  • openluchtbad
  • peuterbad
  • pierenbad
  • poedelbad
  • recreatiebad
  • slakkenbad
  • sponsbad
  • stoombad
  • stortbad
  • taalbad
  • verfbad
  • voetbad
  • warm bad
  • wedstrijdbad
  • wisselbad
  • zandbad
  • zaterdagavondbad
  • zitbad
  • zoutbad
  • zoutwaterbad
  • zwembad
  • baden
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: bad
  • Negerhollands: bad, bat
  • →? Sranan Tongo: bat

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

bad

  1. singular past indicative of bidden

Gothic

Romanization

bad

  1. Romanization of 𐌱𐌰𐌳

Indonesian

Etymology

From Persian باد‎ (bâd, “wind”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbat̚/

Noun

bad (first-person possessive badku, second-person possessive badmu, third-person possessive badnya)

  1. (archaic) wind
    Synonym: angin
  • badai
  • balabad

Further reading

  • “bad” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Lushootseed

Noun

bad

  1. father

Maltese

Root
b-j-d
17 terms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /baːt/

Verb

bad (imperfect jbid, past participle mibjud, verbal noun bidien)

  1. Alternative form of bied

Conjugation

    Conjugation of bad
singularplural
1st person2nd person3rd person1st person2nd person3rd person
perfectm[[b{{{4}}}dt#Maltese|b{{{4}}}dt]][[b{{{4}}}dt#Maltese|b{{{4}}}dt]]bad[[b{{{4}}}dna#Maltese|b{{{4}}}dna]][[b{{{4}}}dtu#Maltese|b{{{4}}}dtu]]badu
fbadet
imperfectmnbidtbidjbidnbidutbidujbidu
ftbid
imperativebidbidu

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse bað, from Proto-Germanic *baþą (“bath”).

Noun

bad n (definite singular badet, indefinite plural bad, definite plural bada or badene)

  1. a bath
    et varmt bad - a hot bath
  2. a bathroom (see also baderom)
Derived terms
  • blodbad
  • boblebad
  • bade

Alternative forms

  • (of be) ba

Verb

bad

  1. imperative of bade
  2. simple past of be
  3. simple past of bede

References

  • “bad” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse bað.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɑːd/

Noun

bad n (definite singular badet, indefinite plural bad, definite plural bada)

  1. a bath
    eit varmt bad - a hot bath
  2. a bathroom
Synonyms
  • (bathroom): baderom
Derived terms
  • blodbad
  • boblebad

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɑː/

Verb

bad

  1. past of be

References

  • “bad” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɑːd/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *baidu, from Proto-Germanic *baidō.

Noun

bād f

  1. waiting; expectation
  2. something distrained; pledge, stake
Declension
Declension of bad (strong ō-stem)
CaseSingularPlural
nominativebādbāda, bāde
accusativebādebāda, bāde
genitivebādebāda
dativebādebādum
Derived terms
  • *ābād
  • nīedbād
  • ābīdan
  • bīdan
Descendants
  • Middle English: bade, bode, baide
    • English: bode
    • Scots: bade, baid

Verb

bād

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of bīdan

Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • bed

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bað/

Verb

bad

  1. inflection of is:
    1. third-person singular past subjunctive
    2. third-person singular/second-person plural imperative

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
badbad
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/		mbad
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Palauan

Etymology

From Pre-Palauan *baðu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batu, from Proto-Austronesian *batu. Cognate with Kavalan btu,Tagalog bato, Malay batu, Maori whatu.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bað/

Noun

bad

  1. stone; rock

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from German Bad, from Middle High German, from Old High German bad, from Proto-West Germanic *baþ, from Proto-Germanic *baþą. English bath.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bat/
  • Rhymes: -at
  • Syllabification: bad
  • Homophone: bat

Noun

bad m inan

  1. (dated) health resort
    Synonym: kurort

Declension

Declension of bad
singularplural
nominativebadbady
genitivebadubadów
dativebadowibadom
accusativebadbady
instrumentalbadembadami
locativebadziebadach
vocativebadziebady

Further reading

  • bad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • bad in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Pictish [Term?]. Compare Breton bod (“cluster, bunch of grapes, thicket”).

Noun

bad m (genitive singular baid, plural badan)

  1. place, spot
  2. tuft, bunch
  3. flock, group
  4. thicket, clump (of trees)

Synonyms

  • (place): spot

Derived terms

  • anns a' bhad
  • reul-bhad

Somali

Noun

bad ?

  1. sea

Sumerian

Romanization

bad

  1. Romanization of 𒁁 (bad)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish badh, from Old Norse bað, from Proto-Germanic *baþą, from the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɑːd/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑːd

Noun

bad n

  1. a bath, the act of bathing
  2. a bath, a place for bathing (badplats, badhus)

Declension

Declension of bad 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativebadbadetbadbaden
Genitivebadsbadetsbadsbadens
  • bada
  • badkar
  • badrum
  • havsbad
  • kallbad
  • karbad
  • varmbad
  • vinterbad
  • ångbad

Verb

bad

  1. past tense of be.
  2. past tense of bedja.

References

  • bad in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Volapük

Noun

bad (nominative plural bads)

  1. evil, badness

Declension

declension of bad
singularplural
nominativebadbads
genitivebadabadas
dativebadebades
accusativebadibadis
vocative 1o bad!o bads!
predicative 2badubadus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

See also

  • badik
  • badiko

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /baːd/
  • Rhymes: -aːd

Etymology 1

From Old English bāt.

Noun

bad m (plural badau)

  1. boat
    Synonyms: cwch, llong
Derived terms
  • agerfad m (“steamboat”)
  • bad achub m (“lifeboat”)

Noun

bad f (uncountable)

  1. plague, pestilence
    Synonyms: pla, haint
Derived terms
  • y fad fawr (“the Great Plague”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
badfadmadunchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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