κρανίον
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Form of κᾰ́ρᾱ (kárā, “the head”) + -ῐ́ον (-íon, diminutive suffix).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kraː.ní.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kraˈni.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /kraˈni.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /kraˈni.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /kraˈni.on/
Noun
κρᾱνῐ́ον • (krāníon) n (genitive κρᾱνῐ́ου); second declension
- (anatomy) The upper part of the head, the cranium.
- (metonymy) The skull.
- (metonymy) The head.
- A headache.
Inflection
Second declension of τὸ κρᾱνῐ́ον; τοῦ κρᾱνῐ́ου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κρᾱνῐ́ον tò krāníon | τὼ κρᾱνῐ́ω tṑ krāníō | τᾰ̀ κρᾱνῐ́ᾰ tà krānía | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κρᾱνῐ́ου toû krāníou | τοῖν κρᾱνῐ́οιν toîn krāníoin | τῶν κρᾱνῐ́ων tôn krāníōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κρᾱνῐ́ῳ tôi krāníōi | τοῖν κρᾱνῐ́οιν toîn krāníoin | τοῖς κρᾱνῐ́οις toîs krāníois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κρᾱνῐ́ον tò krāníon | τὼ κρᾱνῐ́ω tṑ krāníō | τᾰ̀ κρᾱνῐ́ᾰ tà krānía | ||||||||||
Vocative | κρᾱνῐ́ον krāníon | κρᾱνῐ́ω krāníō | κρᾱνῐ́ᾰ krānía | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- βουκρᾱ́νῐον (boukrā́nion)
- ἡμῐκρᾱνῐ́ᾱ (hēmikrāníā)
Descendants
Descendants of κρανίον in other languages
- Greek: κρανίο (kranío)
- → Medieval Latin: crānium
- → Catalan: crani
- → English: cranium
- → French: crâne
- → Italian: cranio
- → Portuguese: crânio
- → Romanian: craniu
- → Spanish: cráneo
References
- “κρανίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κρανίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κρανίον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κρανίον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- κρανίον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κρανίον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2898 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- crown idem, page 186.
- scull idem, page 743.
- skull idem, page 781.