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单词 κλαίω
释义

κλαίω

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /klǎi̯.ɔː/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈklɛ.o/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈklɛ.o/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkle.o/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkle.o/

Etymology 1

Stems:

  • κλαϝ- > κλα- (κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō)) / κλαυ- (κλαυ-θμός (klau-thmós))
  • κλαϝ-j- > κλαι-
  • κλαϝ-σ- > κλαυσ- (the future κλαύσω (klaúsō), κλαυσῐ-)
  • κλαϝ-ε- > κλαϝ-ε-σ > the future κλαήσω (klaḗsō).

Uncertain etymology. May be cognate with Albanian klan, qan (to weep), from Proto-Albanian *klaunja, pointing to Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u-, but no other Indo-European cognates are apparent. Or, from Pre-Greek and/or ultimately onomatopoeic.[1]

Verb

κλαίω (klaíō)

  1. cry, weep
Usage notes

Attic forms κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō) (of κλαίω) and κᾱ́ω (kā́ō) (of καίω (kaíō, burn) are the only -άω verbs which are never contracted. For κλῶ (klô) see κλείω (kleíō, shut).

Conjugation
Alternative forms
  • κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō) Attic
Derived terms

and

  • κλαιωμῐλῐ́ᾱ f (klaiōmilíā, fellowship in tears)

Compounds and derivatives:

Descendants
  • Greek: κλαίω (klaío). Also from stem κλαυ-,

References

  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κλαίω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 709
  • κλαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • κλαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • κλαίω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • κλαίω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • κλαίω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • G2799 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Etymology 2

From κλείω (kleíō, shut).

Verb

κλαίω (klaíō)

  1. (Attic, Epic, Doric, contracted) first-person singular future indicative active of κλείω (kleíō)

References

  • κλαίω @perseus.tufts.edu

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλαίω (klaíō).
Root κλα-. Stems: κλαι- / κλαυσ- > κλαψ- / κλαυθ- > κλαυτ- / κλαυμ > κλαμμ > κλαμ-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkleo/
  • Hyphenation: κλαί‧ω

Verb

κλαίω (klaío) (past έκλαψα, passive κλαίγομαι)

  1. (most senses) cry, weep (shed tears)
    Το παιδί έκλαιγε γιατί έπεσε κάτω.
    To paidí éklaige giatí épese káto.
    The child was crying because he fell down.
    Οι γονείς μου κλάψανε από χαρά όταν άκουσαν τα καλά νέα.
    Oi goneís mou klápsane apó chará ótan ákousan ta kalá néa.
    My parents wept for joy when they heard the good news.
  2. (intransitive, of eyes) water, run (as when cutting onions etc)
    Τα μάτια κλαίνε όταν καθαρίζει κανείς κρεμμύδια.
    Ta mátia klaíne ótan katharízei kaneís kremmýdia.
    The eyes water when one is peeling onions.
  3. (transitive, figuratively) mourn, grieve for (a person or thing)
    Ολόκληρο το χωριό τον έκλαψε όταν πέθανε.
    Olókliro to chorió ton éklapse ótan péthane.
    The entire village mourned him when he died.
    Έκλαψε την χαμένη της νιότη.
    Éklapse tin chaméni tis nióti.
    She grieved for her lost youth.
  4. (transitive, figuratively) feel sorry for (a person or thing)
    Τον κλαίω με όλα αυτά που του έγιναν.
    Ton klaío me óla aftá pou tou éginan.
    I feel sorry for him for all that happened to him.
  5. (transitive, figurative, colloquial) crying with laughter

Conjugation

Synonyms

  • (mourn): θρηνώ (thrinó), οδύρομαι (odýromai), ολοφύρομαι (olofýromai), πενθώ (penthó)
  • (bemoan): μεμψιμοιρώ (mempsimoiró)

Antonyms

  • γελώ (geló, laugh)

Derived terms

  • κλαίων (klaíon, participle) (archaic) (fem: κλαίουσα (klaíousa), neu: κλαίον (klaíon)/κλαῖον

Compounds of the verb:

  • μυξοκλαίω (myxoklaío, snivel)
  • σιγοκλαίω (sigoklaío, sob slowly, quietly)

Expressions:

  • κλαίω γοερά (klaío goerá, cry loudly)
  • κλαίω και οδύρομαι (klaío kai odýromai, cry and lament)
  • κλαίω πικρά (klaío pikrá, cry bitterly)
  • κλαίω τη μοίρα μου (klaío ti moíra mou, weep for my bad fortune)

Set phrases:

  • κλαύ' τα Χαράλαμπε (kláf' ta Charálampe) (colloquial)
  • θα κλάψουν μανούλες (tha klápsoun manoúles) (colloquial)
  • βαράτε με κι ας κλαίω (varáte me ki as klaío) (colloquial)
  • να τον κλαιν οι ρέγγες (na ton klain oi rénges) (colloquial)
  • κλαίω με μαύρο δάκρυ (klaío me mávro dákry) (colloquial)
  • κλάψε με μάνα, κλάψε με (klápse me mána, klápse me) (colloquial)
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