κιρρός
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Unexplained. The geminate -ρρ- also occurs in πυρρός (purrhós, “red”). The comparison with Lithuanian širmas (“grey”) is problematic, since Lithuanian -ir- is from a zero-grade. The group of Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“grey”) and Irish ciar (“dark”) cannot be connected either for phonetic reasons.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kir̥.r̥ós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kirˈros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /cirˈros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /cirˈros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ciˈros/
Adjective
κῐρρός • (kirrhós) m (feminine κῐρρᾱ́, neuter κῐρρόν); first/second declension
- yellow-orange, tawny
Inflection
First and second declension of κῐρρός; κῐρρᾱ́; κῐρρόν (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | κῐρρός kirrhós | κῐρρᾱ́ kirrhā́ | κῐρρόν kirrhón | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρρᾱ́ kirrhā́ | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρροί kirrhoí | κῐρραί kirrhaí | κῐρρᾰ́ kirrhá | |||||
Genitive | κῐρροῦ kirrhoû | κῐρρᾶς kirrhâs | κῐρροῦ kirrhoû | κῐρροῖν kirrhoîn | κῐρραῖν kirrhaîn | κῐρροῖν kirrhoîn | κῐρρῶν kirrhôn | κῐρρῶν kirrhôn | κῐρρῶν kirrhôn | |||||
Dative | κῐρρῷ kirrhôi | κῐρρᾷ kirrhâi | κῐρρῷ kirrhôi | κῐρροῖν kirrhoîn | κῐρραῖν kirrhaîn | κῐρροῖν kirrhoîn | κῐρροῖς kirrhoîs | κῐρραῖς kirrhaîs | κῐρροῖς kirrhoîs | |||||
Accusative | κῐρρόν kirrhón | κῐρρᾱ́ν kirrhā́n | κῐρρόν kirrhón | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρρᾱ́ kirrhā́ | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρρούς kirrhoús | κῐρρᾱ́ς kirrhā́s | κῐρρᾰ́ kirrhá | |||||
Vocative | κῐρρέ kirrhé | κῐρρᾱ́ kirrhā́ | κῐρρόν kirrhón | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρρᾱ́ kirrhā́ | κῐρρώ kirrhṓ | κῐρροί kirrhoí | κῐρραί kirrhaí | κῐρρᾰ́ kirrhá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
κῐρρῶς kirrhôs | κῐρρότερος kirrhóteros | κῐρρότᾰτος kirrhótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἔγκῐρρος (énkirrhos)
- κῐρρᾰ́ς (kirrhás)
- κῐρρῐ́ς (kirrhís)
- κῐρροειδής (kirrhoeidḗs)
- κῐρροκοιλάδῐᾰ (kirrhokoiládia)
- κῐρρόχρως (kirrhókhrōs)
- κῐρρώδης (kirrhṓdēs)
- ὑπόκῐρρος (hupókirrhos)
Descendants
- → English: cirrhosis
Further reading
- “κιρρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κιρρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN