καταφθάνω
Greek
Alternative forms
- καταφτάνω (kataftáno) (less formal)
Etymology
Learnedly, from Hellenistic Koine Greek καταφθάνω (“fall upon unawares; pay in advance”). The form καταφτάνω (kataftáno), since Mediaeval times. Synchronically analysable as κατα- (“completely”) + φθάνω (“arrive”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ka.taˈfθa.no/
- Hyphenation: κα‧τα‧φθά‧νω
Verb
καταφθάνω • (kataftháno) (simple past κατέφθασα, passive —)
- arrive in time
- arrive unexpectedly (also ironic, or for unpleasant arrivals)
Conjugation
καταφθάνω (active forms only)
| Active voice ➤ | ||||
| Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
| Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | καταφθάνω | καταφθάσω | ||
| 2 sg | καταφθάνεις | καταφθάσεις | ||
| 3 sg | καταφθάνει | καταφθάσει | ||
| 1 pl | καταφθάνουμε, [‑ομε] | καταφθάσουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
| 2 pl | καταφθάνετε | καταφθάσετε | ||
| 3 pl | καταφθάνουν(ε) | καταφθάσουν(ε) | ||
| Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | κατέφθανα | κατέφθασα | ||
| 2 sg | κατέφθανες | κατέφθασες | ||
| 3 sg | κατέφθανε | κατέφθασε | ||
| 1 pl | καταφθάναμε | καταφθάσαμε | ||
| 2 pl | καταφθάνατε | καταφθάσατε | ||
| 3 pl | κατέφθαναν, καταφθάναν(ε) | κατέφθασαν, καταφθάσαν(ε) | ||
| Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | θα καταφθάνω ➤ | θα καταφθάσω ➤ | ||
| 2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα καταφθάνεις, … | θα καταφθάσεις, … | ||
| Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
| Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … καταφθάσει | |||
| Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … καταφθάσει | |||
| Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … καταφθάσει | |||
| Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
| Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
| 2 sg | (κατάφθανε) | (κατάφθασε) | ||
| 2 pl | καταφθάνετε | καταφθάστε | ||
| Other forms | ||||
| Active present participle ➤ | καταφθάνοντας ➤ | |||
| Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας καταφθάσει ➤ | |||
| Passive perfect particple ➤ | — | |||
| Nonfinite form ➤ | καταφθάσει | |||
| Notes Appendix:Greek verbs | • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Synonyms
- φτάνω (ftáno, “arrive”)
- έρχομαι (érchomai, “come”)
Older forms:
- ἀφικνέομαι (aphiknéomai) (ancient), ἀφικνοῦμαι (aphiknoûmai) (ancient, [[Katharevousa#English|Katharevousa)
Antonyms
- φεύγω (févgo, “leave”)
- αποχωρώ (apochoró, “depart”)
References
- καταφθάνω in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.