κακκαλία
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- κακαλία (kakalía), κακαλίς (kakalís)
Etymology
According to Furnée, of Pre-Greek origin, in view of the similarity with other plant names, such as ἀκακαλίς (akakalís, “daffodil”) and κάγκανον (kánkanon, “mercury”). Witczak prefers a Dardanic source. Compare also Dacian coicolida (“nightshade”), Lithuanian kankùlis (“corncockle”), kankalìjos (“bellflower”, f. pl.), Old Prussian kunklis (“corncockle”), as well as Proto-Slavic *kǫkoľь (“corncockle”), whence Slovene kokalj, Polish kąkol and Russian куколь (kukolʹ).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kak.ka.lí.aː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kak.kaˈli.a/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ka.kaˈli.a/
Noun
κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ • (kakkalíā) f (genitive κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς); first declension
- ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
- Synonyms: ἁλικάκκαβον (halikákkabon), μώριος (mṓrios), στρύχνον (strúkhnon)
- kind of mercury (Mercurialis tomentosa)
- Synonym: λεοντῐκή (leontikḗ)
Inflection
First declension of ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ; τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ hē kakkalíā | τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kakkalíā | αἱ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι hai kakkalíai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tês kakkalíās | τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kakkalíain | τῶν κᾰκκᾰλῐῶν tôn kakkaliôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾳ têi kakkalíāi | τοῖν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αιν toîn kakkalíain | ταῖς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αις taîs kakkalíais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱν tḕn kakkalíān | τὼ κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ tṑ kakkalíā | τᾱ̀ς κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱς tā̀s kakkalíās | ||||||||||
Vocative | κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kakkalíā | κᾰκκᾰλῐ́ᾱ kakkalíā | κᾰκκᾰλῐ́αι kakkalíai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- → Latin: cacalia
References
- Witczak, Krzysztof (2014), “Dardanian Plant Names”, in Linguistique Balkanique, volume 53, issue 2-3, Sofia: Académie bulgare des sciences, pages 97–99
Further reading
- “κακκαλία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κακκαλία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN