καθοράω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From κατα- (kata-) + ὁράω (horáō)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ka.tʰo.rá.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ka.tʰoˈra.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ka.θoˈra.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ka.θoˈra.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ka.θoˈra.o/
Verb
καθοράω • (kathoráō)
- I look down
- I behold, observe, perceive
- I have within view, see distinctly
- 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, True Story 10:
- […] καθορῶμεν γῆν τινα μεγάλην ἐν τῷ ἀερι καθάπερ νῆσον […]
- […] kathorômen gên tina megálēn en tôi aeri katháper nêson […]
- We saw a great country in it, resembling an island
- […] καθορῶμεν γῆν τινα μεγάλην ἐν τῷ ἀερι καθάπερ νῆσον […]
Inflection
Present: κᾰθορᾰ́ω, κᾰθορᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθορᾰ́ω | κᾰθορᾰ́εις | κᾰθορᾰ́ει | κᾰθορᾰ́ετον | κᾰθορᾰ́ετον | κᾰθορᾰ́ομεν | κᾰθορᾰ́ετε | κᾰθορᾰ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθορᾰ́ω | κᾰθορᾰ́ῃς | κᾰθορᾰ́ῃ | κᾰθορᾰ́ητον | κᾰθορᾰ́ητον | κᾰθορᾰ́ωμεν | κᾰθορᾰ́ητε | κᾰθορᾰ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰθορᾰ́οιμῐ | κᾰθορᾰ́οις | κᾰθορᾰ́οι | κᾰθορᾰ́οιτον | κᾰθορᾰοίτην | κᾰθορᾰ́οιμεν | κᾰθορᾰ́οιτε | κᾰθορᾰ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰθόρᾰε | κᾰθορᾰέτω | κᾰθορᾰ́ετον | κᾰθορᾰέτων | κᾰθορᾰ́ετε | κᾰθορᾰόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθορᾰ́ομαι | κᾰθορᾰ́ῃ, κᾰθορᾰ́ει | κᾰθορᾰ́εται | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθον | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθον | κᾰθορᾰόμεθᾰ | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθε | κᾰθορᾰ́ονται | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθορᾰ́ωμαι | κᾰθορᾰ́ῃ | κᾰθορᾰ́ηται | κᾰθορᾰ́ησθον | κᾰθορᾰ́ησθον | κᾰθορᾰώμεθᾰ | κᾰθορᾰ́ησθε | κᾰθορᾰ́ωνται | |||||
optative | κᾰθορᾰοίμην | κᾰθορᾰ́οιο | κᾰθορᾰ́οιτο | κᾰθορᾰ́οισθον | κᾰθορᾰοίσθην | κᾰθορᾰοίμεθᾰ | κᾰθορᾰ́οισθε | κᾰθορᾰ́οιντο | |||||
imperative | κᾰθορᾰ́ου | κᾰθορᾰέσθω | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθον | κᾰθορᾰέσθων | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθε | κᾰθορᾰέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰθορᾰ́ειν | κᾰθορᾰ́εσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰθορᾰ́ων | κᾰθορᾰόμενος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰθορᾰ́ουσᾰ | κᾰθορᾰομένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰθορᾰ́ον | κᾰθορᾰόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Present: κᾰθορῶ, κᾰθορῶμαι (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθορῶ | κᾰθορᾷς | κᾰθορᾷ | κᾰθορᾶτον | κᾰθορᾶτον | κᾰθορῶμεν | κᾰθορᾶτε | κᾰθορῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθορῶ | κᾰθορᾷς | κᾰθορᾷ | κᾰθορᾶτον | κᾰθορᾶτον | κᾰθορῶμεν | κᾰθορᾶτε | κᾰθορῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰθορῴην, κᾰθορῷμῐ | κᾰθορῴης, κᾰθορῷς | κᾰθορῴη, κᾰθορῷ | κᾰθορῷτον, κᾰθορῴητον | κᾰθορῴτην, κᾰθορῳήτην | κᾰθορῷμεν, κᾰθορῴημεν | κᾰθορῷτε, κᾰθορῴητε | κᾰθορῷεν, κᾰθορῴησᾰν | |||||
imperative | κᾰθόρᾱ | κᾰθορᾱ́τω | κᾰθορᾶτον | κᾰθορᾱ́των | κᾰθορᾶτε | κᾰθορώντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθορῶμαι | κᾰθορᾷ | κᾰθορᾶται | κᾰθορᾶσθον | κᾰθορᾶσθον | κᾰθορώμεθᾰ | κᾰθορᾶσθε | κᾰθορῶνται | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθορῶμαι | κᾰθορᾷ | κᾰθορᾶται | κᾰθορᾶσθον | κᾰθορᾶσθον | κᾰθορώμεθᾰ | κᾰθορᾶσθε | κᾰθορῶνται | |||||
optative | κᾰθορῴμην | κᾰθορῷο | κᾰθορῷτο | κᾰθορῷσθον | κᾰθορῴσθην | κᾰθορῴμεθᾰ | κᾰθορῷσθε | κᾰθορῷντο | |||||
imperative | κᾰθορῶ | κᾰθορᾱ́σθω | κᾰθορᾶσθον | κᾰθορᾱ́σθων | κᾰθορᾶσθε | κᾰθορᾱ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰθορᾶν | κᾰθορᾶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰθορῶν | κᾰθορώμενος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰθορῶσᾰ | κᾰθορωμένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰθορῶν | κᾰθορώμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: κᾰθώρᾰον, κᾰθωρᾰόμην (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθώρᾰον | κᾰθώρᾰες | κᾰθώρᾰε(ν) | κᾰθωρᾰ́ετον | κᾰθωρᾰέτην | κᾰθωρᾰ́ομεν | κᾰθωρᾰ́ετε | κᾰθώρᾰον | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθωρᾰόμην | κᾰθωρᾰ́ου | κᾰθωρᾰ́ετο | κᾰθωρᾰ́εσθον | κᾰθωρᾰέσθην | κᾰθωρᾰόμεθᾰ | κᾰθωρᾰ́εσθε | κᾰθωρᾰ́οντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: κᾰθώρων, κᾰθωρώμην (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθώρων | κᾰθώρᾱς | κᾰθώρᾱ | κᾰθωρᾶτον | κᾰθωρᾱ́την | κᾰθωρῶμεν | κᾰθωρᾶτε | κᾰθώρων | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθωρώμην | κᾰθωρῶ | κᾰθωρᾶτο | κᾰθωρᾶσθον | κᾰθωρᾱ́σθην | κᾰθωρώμεθᾰ | κᾰθωρᾶσθε | κᾰθωρῶντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: κᾰτόψομαι, κᾰτοφθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | κᾰτόψομαι | κᾰτόψῃ, κᾰτόψει | κᾰτόψεται | κᾰτόψεσθον | κᾰτόψεσθον | κᾰτοψόμεθᾰ | κᾰτόψεσθε | κᾰτόψονται | ||||
optative | κᾰτοψοίμην | κᾰτόψοιο | κᾰτόψοιτο | κᾰτόψοισθον | κᾰτοψοίσθην | κᾰτοψοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτόψοισθε | κᾰτόψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | κᾰτοφθήσομαι | κᾰτοφθήσῃ | κᾰτοφθήσεται | κᾰτοφθήσεσθον | κᾰτοφθήσεσθον | κᾰτοφθησόμεθᾰ | κᾰτοφθήσεσθε | κᾰτοφθήσονται | ||||
optative | κᾰτοφθησοίμην | κᾰτοφθήσοιο | κᾰτοφθήσοιτο | κᾰτοφθήσοισθον | κᾰτοφθησοίσθην | κᾰτοφθησοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτοφθήσοισθε | κᾰτοφθήσοιντο | |||||
middle | passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰτόψεσθαι | κᾰτοφθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰτοψόμενος | κᾰτοφθησόμενος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰτοψομένη | κᾰτοφθησομένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰτοψόμενον | κᾰτοφθησόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: κᾰτώφθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | κᾰτώφθην | κᾰτώφθης | κᾰτώφθη | κᾰτώφθητον | κᾰτωφθήτην | κᾰτώφθημεν | κᾰτώφθητε | κᾰτώφθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰτοφθῶ | κᾰτοφθῇς | κᾰτοφθῇ | κᾰτοφθῆτον | κᾰτοφθῆτον | κᾰτοφθῶμεν | κᾰτοφθῆτε | κᾰτοφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰτοφθείην | κᾰτοφθείης | κᾰτοφθείη | κᾰτοφθεῖτον, κᾰτοφθείητον | κᾰτοφθείτην, κᾰτοφθειήτην | κᾰτοφθεῖμεν, κᾰτοφθείημεν | κᾰτοφθεῖτε, κᾰτοφθείητε | κᾰτοφθεῖεν, κᾰτοφθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | κᾰτόφθητῐ | κᾰτοφθήτω | κᾰτόφθητον | κᾰτοφθήτων | κᾰτόφθητε | κᾰτοφθέντων | |||||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰτοφθῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰτοφθείς | |||||||||||
f | κᾰτοφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | κᾰτοφθέν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: κᾰτεῖδον, κᾰτειδόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰτεῖδον | κᾰτεῖδες | κᾰτεῖδε(ν) | κᾰτείδετον | κᾰτειδέτην | κᾰτείδομεν | κᾰτείδετε | κᾰτεῖδον | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰτῐ́δω | κᾰτῐ́δῃς | κᾰτῐ́δῃ | κᾰτῐ́δητον | κᾰτῐ́δητον | κᾰτῐ́δωμεν | κᾰτῐ́δητε | κᾰτῐ́δωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰτῐ́δοιμῐ | κᾰτῐ́δοις | κᾰτῐ́δοι | κᾰτῐ́δοιτον | κᾰτῐδοίτην | κᾰτῐ́δοιμεν | κᾰτῐ́δοιτε | κᾰτῐ́δοιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰτιδέκᾰτίδε | κᾰτῐδέτω | κᾰτῐ́δετον | κᾰτῐδέτων | κᾰτῐ́δετε | κᾰτῐδόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | κᾰτειδόμην | κᾰτείδου | κᾰτείδετο | κᾰτείδεσθον | κᾰτειδέσθην | κᾰτειδόμεθᾰ | κᾰτείδεσθε | κᾰτείδοντο | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰτῐ́δωμαι | κᾰτῐ́δῃ | κᾰτῐ́δηται | κᾰτῐ́δησθον | κᾰτῐ́δησθον | κᾰτῐδώμεθᾰ | κᾰτῐ́δησθε | κᾰτῐ́δωνται | |||||
optative | κᾰτῐδοίμην | κᾰτῐ́δοιο | κᾰτῐ́δοιτο | κᾰτῐ́δοισθον | κᾰτῐδοίσθην | κᾰτῐδοίμεθᾰ | κᾰτῐ́δοισθε | κᾰτῐ́δοιντο | |||||
imperative | κᾰτῐδοῦ | κᾰτῐδέσθω | κᾰτῐ́δεσθον | κᾰτῐδέσθων | κᾰτῐ́δεσθε | κᾰτῐδέσθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰτῐδεῖν | κᾰτῐδέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰτῐδών | κᾰτῐδόμενος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰτῐδοῦσᾰ | κᾰτῐδομένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰτῐδόν | κᾰτῐδόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: κᾰθεώρᾱκᾰ, κᾰθεώρᾱμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθεώρᾱκᾰ | κᾰθεώρᾱκᾰς | κᾰθεώρᾱκε(ν) | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κᾰτον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κᾰτον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κᾰμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κᾰτε | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κω | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κῃς | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κῃ | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κητον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κητον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κωμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κητε | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοιμῐ, κᾰθεωρᾱκοίην | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοις, κᾰθεωρᾱκοίης | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοι, κᾰθεωρᾱκοίη | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοιτον | κᾰθεωρᾱκοίτην | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοιμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοιτε | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κοιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰθεώρᾱκε | κᾰθεωρᾱκέτω | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κετον | κᾰθεωρᾱκέτων | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κετε | κᾰθεωρᾱκόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθεώρᾱμαι | κᾰθεώρᾱσαι | κᾰθεώρᾱται | κᾰθεώρᾱσθον | κᾰθεώρᾱσθον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́μεθᾰ | κᾰθεώρᾱσθε | κᾰθεώρᾱνται | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος ὦ | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος ᾖς | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος ᾖ | κᾰθεωρᾱμένω ἦτον | κᾰθεωρᾱμένω ἦτον | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι ὦμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι ἦτε | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος εἴην | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος εἴης | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος εἴη | κᾰθεωρᾱμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κᾰθεωρᾱμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κᾰθεωρᾱμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰθεώρᾱσο | κᾰθεωρᾱ́σθω | κᾰθεώρᾱσθον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́σθων | κᾰθεώρᾱσθε | κᾰθεωρᾱ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰθεωρᾱκέναι | κᾰθεωρᾶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰθεωρᾱκώς | κᾰθεωρᾱμένος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰθεωρᾱκυῖᾰ | κᾰθεωρᾱμένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰθεωρᾱκός | κᾰθεωρᾱμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: κᾰτόπωπᾰ, κᾰτῶμμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰτόπωπᾰ | κᾰτόπωπᾰς | κᾰτόπωπε(ν) | κᾰτοπώπᾰτον | κᾰτοπώπᾰτον | κᾰτοπώπᾰμεν | κᾰτοπώπᾰτε | κᾰτοπώπᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰτοπώπω | κᾰτοπώπῃς | κᾰτοπώπῃ | κᾰτοπώπητον | κᾰτοπώπητον | κᾰτοπώπωμεν | κᾰτοπώπητε | κᾰτοπώπωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰτοπώποιμῐ, κᾰτοπωποίην | κᾰτοπώποις, κᾰτοπωποίης | κᾰτοπώποι, κᾰτοπωποίη | κᾰτοπώποιτον | κᾰτοπωποίτην | κᾰτοπώποιμεν | κᾰτοπώποιτε | κᾰτοπώποιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰτόπωπε | κᾰτοπωπέτω | κᾰτοπώπετον | κᾰτοπωπέτων | κᾰτοπώπετε | κᾰτοπωπόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰτῶμμαι | κᾰτῶψαι | κᾰτῶπται | κᾰτῶφθον | κᾰτῶφθον | κᾰτώμμεθᾰ | κᾰτῶφθε | κᾰτώπᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰτωμμένος ὦ | κᾰτωμμένος ᾖς | κᾰτωμμένος ᾖ | κᾰτωμμένω ἦτον | κᾰτωμμένω ἦτον | κᾰτωμμένοι ὦμεν | κᾰτωμμένοι ἦτε | κᾰτωμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰτωμμένος εἴην | κᾰτωμμένος εἴης | κᾰτωμμένος εἴη | κᾰτωμμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κᾰτωμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κᾰτωμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κᾰτωμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κᾰτωμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰτῶψο | κᾰτώφθω | κᾰτῶφθον | κᾰτώφθων | κᾰτῶφθε | κᾰτώφθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰτοπωπέναι | κᾰτῶφθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰτοπωπώς | κᾰτωμμένος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰτοπωπυῖᾰ | κᾰτωμμένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰτοπωπός | κᾰτωμμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: κᾰθεωρᾱ́κειν, κᾰθεωρᾱ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κειν, κᾰθεωρᾱ́κη | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κεις, κᾰθεωρᾱ́κης | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κει(ν) | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κετον | κᾰθεωρᾱκέτην | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κεμεν | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κετε | κᾰθεωρᾱ́κεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | κᾰθεωρᾱ́μην | κᾰθεώρᾱσο | κᾰθεώρᾱτο | κᾰθεώρᾱσθον | κᾰθεωρᾱ́σθην | κᾰθεωρᾱ́μεθᾰ | κᾰθεώρᾱσθε | κᾰθεώρᾱντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Further reading
- καθοράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- καθοράω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- καθοράω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- καθοράω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- καθοράω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- καθοράω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter