κίδαφος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- κίνδαφιος (kíndaphios), σκίνδαφος (skíndaphos)
Etymology
According to Beekes, all the variations prove a Pre-Greek origin of the word. However it matches the Semitic root כ־ד־ב (k-ḏ-b) / ك ذ ب (k-ḏ-b) (Hebrew כ־ז־ב (k-z-b)) related to lies, most closely in Aramaic כַּדָּבָא (kaddāḇā, “frequently lying”) and in Arabic كَذَّاب (kaḏḏāb, “frequently lying”). Thus doublet of κίβδηλος (kíbdēlos, “deceitful; fake”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kí.da.pʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈki.da.pʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈci.ða.ɸos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈci.ða.fos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈci.ða.fos/
Adjective
κίδαφος • (kídaphos) m (feminine κιδάφη, neuter κίδαφον); first/second declension
- wily, cunning, sly
Inflection
First and second declension of κίδαφος; κιδάφη; κίδαφον (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | κίδαφος kídaphos | κιδάφη kidáphē | κίδαφον kídaphon | κιδάφω kidáphō | κιδάφᾱ kidáphā | κιδάφω kidáphō | κίδαφοι kídaphoi | κίδαφαι kídaphai | κίδαφᾰ kídapha | |||||
Genitive | κιδάφου kidáphou | κιδάφης kidáphēs | κιδάφου kidáphou | κιδάφοιν kidáphoin | κιδάφαιν kidáphain | κιδάφοιν kidáphoin | κιδάφων kidáphōn | κιδάφων kidáphōn | κιδάφων kidáphōn | |||||
Dative | κιδάφῳ kidáphōi | κιδάφῃ kidáphēi | κιδάφῳ kidáphōi | κιδάφοιν kidáphoin | κιδάφαιν kidáphain | κιδάφοιν kidáphoin | κιδάφοις kidáphois | κιδάφαις kidáphais | κιδάφοις kidáphois | |||||
Accusative | κίδαφον kídaphon | κιδάφην kidáphēn | κίδαφον kídaphon | κιδάφω kidáphō | κιδάφᾱ kidáphā | κιδάφω kidáphō | κιδάφους kidáphous | κιδάφᾱς kidáphās | κίδαφᾰ kídapha | |||||
Vocative | κίδαφε kídaphe | κιδάφη kidáphē | κίδαφον kídaphon | κιδάφω kidáphō | κιδάφᾱ kidáphā | κιδάφω kidáphō | κίδαφοι kídaphoi | κίδαφαι kídaphai | κίδαφᾰ kídapha | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
κιδάφως kidáphōs | κιδαφότερος kidaphóteros | κιδαφότᾰτος kidaphótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- κιδαφεύω (kidapheúō)
Further reading
- “κίδαφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Szemerényi, Oswald (1974), “The origins of the Greek lexicon: Ex Oriente Lux”, in The Journal of Hellenic Studies, volume 94, DOI:, pages 155–156