κάμμαρος

κάμμαρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κᾰμμᾰρῐ́ς (kammarís), κᾰ́μᾰρος (kámaros), κᾰ́μμορον (kámmoron)

Etymology

From Pre-Greek. This term is potentially a cognate of Danish hummer, Old Norse humarr (“lobster”) (which is the source of French homard).[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kám.ma.ros/ → /ˈkam.ma.ros/ → /ˈka.ma.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kám.ma.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkam.ma.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkam.ma.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkam.ma.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ma.ros/

Noun

κᾰ́μμᾰρος • (kámmaros) m (genitive κᾰμμᾰ́ρου); second declension

1. a kind of lobster or shrimp
   • 540 BCE – 450 BCE, Epicharmus, Collected Works 60
   • Sophr. 26
   • Rhinth. 18
2. (medicine) a kind of aconite (used as a cooling medicine)
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Loc.Hom. 27
   • Stratt. 21
   • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.76
   • 200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Alexipharmaca 41
   1. larkspur, Consolida ajacis
      • Ps.-Dsc. 3.73
   2. mandrake, Mandragora officinarum
      • Ps.-Dsc. 4.75

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κᾰ́μμᾰρος; τοῦ κᾰμμᾰ́ρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾰ́μμᾰρος ho kámmaros	τὼ κᾰμμᾰ́ρω tṑ kammárō	οἱ κᾰ́μμᾰροι hoi kámmaroi
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰμμᾰ́ρου toû kammárou	τοῖν κᾰμμᾰ́ροιν toîn kammároin	τῶν κᾰμμᾰ́ρων tôn kammárōn
Dative	τῷ κᾰμμᾰ́ρῳ tôi kammárōi	τοῖν κᾰμμᾰ́ροιν toîn kammároin	τοῖς κᾰμμᾰ́ροις toîs kammárois
Accusative	τὸν κᾰ́μμᾰρον tòn kámmaron	τὼ κᾰμμᾰ́ρω tṑ kammárō	τοὺς κᾰμμᾰ́ρους toùs kammárous
Vocative	κᾰ́μμᾰρε kámmare	κᾰμμᾰ́ρω kammárō	κᾰ́μμᾰροι kámmaroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Latin: cammarus, camarus, gammarus
  • Italian: gambero, gamberetto
  • Portuguese: camarão
  • Spanish: cámaro, cámbaro, camarón, gámbaro

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κάμμαρος 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 631

Further reading

• κάμμαρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• κάμμαρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette