κάκκη

κάκκη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kakka- (“to defecate”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kák.kɛː/ → /ˈka.ci/ → /ˈka.ci/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kák.kɛː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkak.ke̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ci/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ci/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈka.ci/

Noun

κάκκη • (kákkē) f (genitive κάκκης); first declension

1. dung, excrement
   • 556 BCE – 468 BCE, Simonides, Collected Works :

     πολλὰ πιὼν καὶ πολλὰ φαγὼν, καὶ πολλὰ κάκ’ εἰπὼν ἀνθρώπους, κεῖμαι Τιμοκρέων Ῥόδιος.

     pollà piṑn kaì pollà phagṑn, kaì pollà kák’ eipṑn anthrṓpous, keîmai Timokréōn Rhódios.

     • 1917 translation by W. R. Paton

       Here I lie, Timocreon of Rhodes, after drinking much and eating much and speaking much ill of men.

Inflection

First declension of ἡ κάκκη; τῆς κάκκης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ κάκκη hē kákkē	τὼ κάκκᾱ tṑ kákkā	αἱ κάκκαι hai kákkai
Genitive	τῆς κάκκης tês kákkēs	τοῖν κάκκαιν toîn kákkain	τῶν κακκῶν tôn kakkôn
Dative	τῇ κάκκῃ têi kákkēi	τοῖν κάκκαιν toîn kákkain	ταῖς κάκκαις taîs kákkais
Accusative	τὴν κάκκην tḕn kákkēn	τὼ κάκκᾱ tṑ kákkā	τᾱ̀ς κάκκᾱς tā̀s kákkās
Vocative	κάκκη kákkē	κάκκᾱ kákkā	κάκκαι kákkai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Vulgar Latin: *caca, *cacca
  • Italian: cacca
  • Sicilian: cacca

References

• “κάκκη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN