Θῆβαι
Ancient Greek
Etymology 1
From Ionic-Attic Θήβη (Thḗbē), from Mycenaean Greek 𐀳𐀣 (te-qa /tʰēgʷā/), from Proto-Hellenic *tʰēgʷā.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tʰɛ̂ː.bai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtʰe̝.bɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈθi.βɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈθi.ve/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈθi.ve/
Proper noun
Θῆβαι • (Thêbai) f pl (genitive Θηβῶν); first declension
- Thebes, the name of a city in Boeotia
- Homer, Iliad 6.222-223:
- Τυδέα δ’ οὐ μέμνημαι, ἐπεί μ’ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐόντα / κάλλιφ’, ὅτ’ ἐν Θήβῃσιν ἀπώλετο λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν.
- Tudéa d’ ou mémnēmai, epeí m’ éti tutthòn eónta / kálliph’, hót’ en Thḗbēisin apṓleto laòs Akhaiôn.
- 1990 translation by Robert Fagles
- My father, Tydeus, I really don't remember. I was just a baby when father left me then, that time an Achaean army went to die at Thebes.
- Τυδέα δ’ οὐ μέμνημαι, ἐπεί μ’ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐόντα / κάλλιφ’, ὅτ’ ἐν Θήβῃσιν ἀπώλετο λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν.
Inflection
First declension of αἱ Θῆβαι; τῶν Θηβῶν (Attic)
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | αἱ Θῆβαι hai Thêbai | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τῶν Θηβῶν tôn Thēbôn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ταῖς Θήβαις taîs Thḗbais | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τᾱ̀ς Θήβᾱς tā̀s Thḗbās | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Θῆβαι Thêbai | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Θήβησι (Thḗbēsi)
- Θήβαζε (Thḗbaze)
- Θηβαῖος (Thēbaîos)
- Θηβαγενής (Thēbagenḗs)
- Θηβαϊκός (Thēbaïkós)
- Θηβαΐς (Thēbaḯs)
Descendants
- → Arabic: طِيبَة (ṭība)
- → Basque: Tebas
- → Breton: Thebai
- → Bulgarian: Тива (Tiva)
- → Catalan: Tebes
- → Czech: Théby
- → Danish: Theben
- → Dutch: Thebe
- → English: Thebes
- → Esperanto: Tebo
- → Estonian: Teeba
- → Finnish: Theba
- → French: Thèbes
- → Galician: Tebas
- → German: Theben
- Greek: Θήβα (Thíva)
- → Hebrew: תבאי
- → Hungarian: Thébai
- → Italian: Tebe
- → Japanese: テーバイ (Tēbai)
- → Korean: 테베 (tebe)
- → Latin: Thebae
- → Lithuanian: Tėbai
- → Norwegian: Theben
- → Polish: Teby
- → Portuguese: Tebas
- → Romanian: Teba
- → Russian: Фи́вы (Fívy)
- → Serbo-Croatian: Теба, Teba
- → Slovak: Téby
- → Slovene: Tebe
- → Spanish: Tebas
- → Swedish: Thebe
- → Turkish: Tebai
- → Welsh: Thebai
Etymology 2
From Egyptian Demotic tꜣ-jpy (the temple), with the second component from earlier Egyptian
|
(jpt, “(inner sanctum of) a temple”) (cf. jpt-swt and pꜣ-n-jpt).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tʰɛ̂ː.bai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtʰe̝.bɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈθi.βɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈθi.ve/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈθi.ve/
Proper noun
Θῆβαι • (Thêbai) f pl (genitive Θηβῶν); first declension
- Thebes, the name of a city in Upper Egypt (including today's Karnak and Luxor)
Inflection
First declension of αἱ Θῆβαι; τῶν Θηβῶν (Attic)
| Case / # | Plural | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | αἱ Θῆβαι hai Thêbai | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τῶν Θηβῶν tôn Thēbôn | ||||||||||||
| Dative | ταῖς Θήβαις taîs Thḗbais | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τᾱ̀ς Θήβᾱς tā̀s Thḗbās | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Θῆβαι Thêbai | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Alternative forms
- Θήβη (Thḗbē)
Derived terms
See under Etymology 1 above.
Descendants
- → Breton: Teba
- → Coptic: ⲑⲉⲃⲁⲓⲥ (thebais)
- → Czech: Théby
- → Danish: Theben
- → Dutch: Thebe
- → English: Thebes
- → Esperanto: Tebo
- Greek: Θήβες (Thíves)
- → Hungarian: Théba
- → Italian: Tebe
- → Japanese: テーベ (Tēbe)
- → Latin: Thebae
- → Portuguese: Tebas
References
- “Θῆβαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Θῆβαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “Θῆβαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- “Θῆβαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,027
Further reading
Thebes on Wikipedia.Wikipedia