θρίαμβος

θρίαμβος

See also: Θρίαμβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The origin of the term is uncertain; most likely derived from Pre-Greek, possibly Phrygian or Illyrian. Ancient Greek θρι- (thri-) has also been connected with a term for fig tree (compare θρῖον (thrîon, “fig leaf”)). The suffix -αμβος (-ambos) is probably the same element that also occurs in ἴαμβος (íambos, “a poetic meter”), δῑθύραμβος (dīthúrambos, “hymn to Dionysus”) and might derive from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷ- (“to anoint”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰrí.am.bos/ → /ˈθri.am.bos/ → /ˈθri.am.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰrí.am.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰri.am.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.am.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.am.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈθri.am.bos/

Noun

θρῐ́ᾰμβος • (thríambos) m (genitive θρῐᾰ́μβου); second declension

1. thriambus (hymn to Dionysus)
2. A translation for Latin triumphus.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ θρῐ́ᾰμβος; τοῦ θρῐᾰ́μβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ θρῐ́ᾰμβος ho thríambos	τὼ θρῐᾰ́μβω tṑ thriámbō	οἱ θρῐ́ᾰμβοι hoi thríamboi
Genitive	τοῦ θρῐᾰ́μβου toû thriámbou	τοῖν θρῐᾰ́μβοιν toîn thriámboin	τῶν θρῐᾰ́μβων tôn thriámbōn
Dative	τῷ θρῐᾰ́μβῳ tôi thriámbōi	τοῖν θρῐᾰ́μβοιν toîn thriámboin	τοῖς θρῐᾰ́μβοις toîs thriámbois
Accusative	τὸν θρῐ́ᾰμβον tòn thríambon	τὼ θρῐᾰ́μβω tṑ thriámbō	τοὺς θρῐᾰ́μβους toùs thriámbous
Vocative	θρῐ́ᾰμβε thríambe	θρῐᾰ́μβω thriámbō	θρῐ́ᾰμβοι thríamboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: thriambus
• Etruscan: *𐌈𐌓𐌉𐌀𐌌𐌐𐌄 (*θriampe)
  • → Old Latin: triumpus
    • Latin: triumphus
      • Catalan: triomf
      • → Finnish: triumfi
      • → Galician: trunfo, triunfo
      • → German: Triumph
      • Italian: trionfo
      • → Old French: triomphe
        • → English: triumph, oomph
        • French: triomphe
          • →? English: trump
        • → Middle Dutch:
          • Dutch: triomf
      • Piedmontese: trionf/triunf
      • Portuguese: triunfo
      • Romanian: triumf, trufă (possibly)
      • → Russian: триу́мф (triúmf)
      • Sicilian: triunfu
      • Spanish: triunfo

References

1. Frisk, Hjalmar (1960), “θρίαμβος”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 682f.

Further reading

• “θρίαμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θρίαμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• θρίαμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

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Greek

Noun

θρίαμβος • (thríamvos) m (plural θρίαμβοι)

1. triumph

Declension

declension of θρίαμβος

case     \\     number	singular	plural
nominative	θρίαμβος •	θρίαμβοι •
genitive	θριάμβου •	θριάμβων •
accusative	θρίαμβο •	θριάμβους •
vocative	θρίαμβε •	θρίαμβοι •

Related terms

• γύρος του θριάμβου m (gýros tou thriámvou, “lap of honour”)