ζέω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *yes-. Confer Sanskrit येषति (yeṣati, “to boil, bubble up”), यसति (yásati, “to froth up, foam”), English yeast.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /zé.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈze.o/
Verb
ζέω • (zéō)
- to boil, seethe, bubble
- Synonyms: βρᾰ́σσω (brássō), ἕψω (hépsō)
- to heat
Inflection
Present: ζέω (Contracted only in -ει-)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ζέω | ζεῖς | ζεῖ | ζεῖτον | ζεῖτον | ζέομεν | ζεῖτε | ζέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ζέω | ζέῃς | ζέῃ | ζέητον | ζέητον | ζέωμεν | ζέητε | ζέωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ζέοιμῐ | ζέοις | ζέοι | ζέοιτον | ζεοίτην | ζέοιμεν | ζέοιτε | ζέοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ζεῖ | ζείτω | ζεῖτον | ζείτων | ζεῖτε | ζεόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ζεῖν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ζέων | |||||||||||
| f | ζέουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ζέον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔζεον (Contracted only in -ει-)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔζεον | ἔζεις | ἔζει | ἐζεῖτον | ἐζείτην | ἐζέομεν | ἐζεῖτε | ἔζεον | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: ζέσω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ζέσω | ζέσεις | ζέσει | ζέσετον | ζέσετον | ζέσομεν | ζέσετε | ζέσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ζέσοιμῐ | ζέσοις | ζέσοι | ζέσοιτον | ζεσοίτην | ζέσοιμεν | ζέσοιτε | ζέσοιεν | |||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ζέσειν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ζέσων | |||||||||||
| f | ζέσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ζέσον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔζεσᾰ, ἐζέσθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔζεσᾰ | ἔζεσᾰς | ἔζεσε(ν) | ἐζέσᾰτον | ἐζεσᾰ́την | ἐζέσᾰμεν | ἐζέσᾰτε | ἔζεσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ζέσω | ζέσῃς | ζέσῃ | ζέσητον | ζέσητον | ζέσωμεν | ζέσητε | ζέσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ζέσαιμῐ | ζέσειᾰς, ζέσαις | ζέσειε(ν), ζέσαι | ζέσαιτον | ζεσαίτην | ζέσαιμεν | ζέσαιτε | ζέσειᾰν, ζέσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | ζέσον | ζεσᾰ́τω | ζέσᾰτον | ζεσᾰ́των | ζέσᾰτε | ζεσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐζέσθην | ἐζέσθης | ἐζέσθη | ἐζέσθητον | ἐζεσθήτην | ἐζέσθημεν | ἐζέσθητε | ἐζέσθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ζεσθῶ | ζεσθῇς | ζεσθῇ | ζεσθῆτον | ζεσθῆτον | ζεσθῶμεν | ζεσθῆτε | ζεσθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ζεσθείην | ζεσθείης | ζεσθείη | ζεσθεῖτον, ζεσθείητον | ζεσθείτην, ζεσθειήτην | ζεσθεῖμεν, ζεσθείημεν | ζεσθεῖτε, ζεσθείητε | ζεσθεῖεν, ζεσθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | ζέσθητῐ | ζεσθήτω | ζέσθητον | ζεσθήτων | ζέσθητε | ζεσθέντων | |||||||
| active | passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ζέσαι | ζεσθῆναι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ζέσᾱς | ζεσθείς | ||||||||||
| f | ζέσᾱσᾰ | ζεσθεῖσᾰ | |||||||||||
| n | ζέσᾰν | ζεσθέν | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ζέσσᾰ, ζεσσᾰ́μην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ζέσσᾰ | ζέσσᾰς | ζέσσε(ν) | ζέσσᾰτον | ζεσσᾰ́την | ζέσσᾰμεν | ζέσσᾰτε | ζέσσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ζέσσω | ζέσσῃς | ζέσσῃ | ζέσσητον | ζέσσητον | ζέσσωμεν | ζέσσητε | ζέσσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ζέσσαιμῐ | ζέσσειᾰς, ζέσσαις | ζέσσειε(ν), ζέσσαι | ζέσσαιτον | ζεσσαίτην | ζέσσαιμεν | ζέσσαιτε | ζέσσειᾰν, ζέσσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | ζέσσον | ζεσσᾰ́τω | ζέσσᾰτον | ζεσσᾰ́των | ζέσσᾰτε | ζεσσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ζεσσᾰ́μην | ζέσσω | ζέσσᾰτο | ζέσσᾰσθον | ζεσσᾰ́σθην | ζεσσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ζέσσᾰσθε | ζέσσᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ζέσσωμαι | ζέσσῃ | ζέσσηται | ζέσσησθον | ζέσσησθον | ζεσσώμεθᾰ | ζέσσησθε | ζέσσωνται | |||||
| optative | ζεσσαίμην | ζέσσαιο | ζέσσαιτο | ζέσσαισθον | ζεσσαίσθην | ζεσσαίμεθᾰ | ζέσσαισθε | ζέσσαιντο | |||||
| imperative | ζέσσαι | ζεσσᾰ́σθω | ζέσσᾰσθον | ζεσσᾰ́σθων | ζέσσᾰσθε | ζεσσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ζέσσαι | ζέσσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ζέσσᾱς | ζεσσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
| f | ζέσσᾱσᾰ | ζεσσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
| n | ζέσσᾰν | ζεσσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Perfect: ἔζεσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | ἔζεσμαι | ἔζεσαι | ἔζεσται | ἔζεσθον | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέσμεθᾰ | ἔζεσθε | ἐζέσᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἐζεσμένος ὦ | ἐζεσμένος ᾖς | ἐζεσμένος ᾖ | ἐζεσμένω ἦτον | ἐζεσμένω ἦτον | ἐζεσμένοι ὦμεν | ἐζεσμένοι ἦτε | ἐζεσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ἐζεσμένος εἴην | ἐζεσμένος εἴης | ἐζεσμένος εἴη | ἐζεσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | ἐζεσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἐζεσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἐζεσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἐζεσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ἔζεσο | ἐζέσθω | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέσθων | ἔζεσθε | ἐζέσθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἐζέσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐζεσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | ἐζεσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐζεσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἐζέσμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive | indicative | ἐζέσμην | ἔζεσο | ἔζεστο | ἔζεσθον | ἐζέσθην | ἐζέσμεθᾰ | ἔζεσθε | ἐζέσᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀκρόζεστος (akrózestos)
- ἀμφιζέω (amphizéō)
- ἀνάζεσις (anázesis)
- ἀναζέω (anazéō)
- ἀποζέω (apozéō)
- διαζέω (diazéō)
- ἔκζεσις (ékzesis)
- ἔκζεστος (ékzestos)
- ἐκζέω (ekzéō)
- ἐναποζέννυμι (enapozénnumi)
- ἐνζέω (enzéō)
- ἐνσυγκαταζέω (ensunkatazéō)
- ἐξαναζέω (exanazéō)
- ἐπιζέω (epizéō)
- ζέμα (zéma)
- ζέσις (zésis)
- ζεστός (zestós)
- ζῦθος (zûthos)
- ζύμη (zúmē)
- περιζέω (perizéō)
- προαναζέω (proanazéō)
- προαποζέω (proapozéō)
- προεκζέω (proekzéō)
- συζέω (suzéō)
- συναναζέω (sunanazéō)
- συνεκζέω (sunekzéō)
- ὑπερεκζέω (huperekzéō)
- ὑπερζέω (huperzéō)
- ὑποζέω (hupozéō)
References
- “ζέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ζέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ζέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ζέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ζέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ζέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2204 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Encyclopedia Papyrus-Larousse (1963)
- J.B Hofmann, Ετυμολογικόν Λεξικόν της Αρχαίας Ελληνικής (Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Griechischen)