ζάφελος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ζᾰφελής (zaphelḗs)
Etymology
The word is little attested alone and thus its origin remains unknown. Perhaps the first part corresponds to ζα- (za-), the Aeolic form of δια- (dia-, “through”). Furnée suggests connection with ζάψ (záps, “surf”), and takes it as Pre-Greek.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /zá.pʰe.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈza.pʰe.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈza.ɸe.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈza.fe.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈza.fe.los/
Adjective
ζᾰ́φελος • (záphelos) m or f (neuter ζᾰ́φελον); second declension
- violent
Declension
Second declension of ζᾰ́φελος; ζᾰ́φελον (Attic)
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
Nominative | ζᾰ́φελος záphelos | ζᾰ́φελον záphelon | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰ́φελοι zápheloi | ζᾰ́φελᾰ záphela | ||||||||
Genitive | ζᾰφέλου zaphélou | ζᾰφέλου zaphélou | ζᾰφέλοιν zaphéloin | ζᾰφέλοιν zaphéloin | ζᾰφέλων zaphélōn | ζᾰφέλων zaphélōn | ||||||||
Dative | ζᾰφέλῳ zaphélōi | ζᾰφέλῳ zaphélōi | ζᾰφέλοιν zaphéloin | ζᾰφέλοιν zaphéloin | ζᾰφέλοις zaphélois | ζᾰφέλοις zaphélois | ||||||||
Accusative | ζᾰ́φελον záphelon | ζᾰ́φελον záphelon | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰφέλους zaphélous | ζᾰ́φελᾰ záphela | ||||||||
Vocative | ζᾰ́φελε záphele | ζᾰ́φελον záphelon | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰφέλω zaphélō | ζᾰ́φελοι zápheloi | ζᾰ́φελᾰ záphela | ||||||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ζᾰφέλως zaphélōs | ζᾰφελώτερος zaphelṓteros | ζᾰφελώτᾰτος zaphelṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ἐπῐζᾰ́φελος (epizáphelos)
Further reading
- “ζάφελος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ζάφελος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN