εἷς

εἷς

See also: Appendix:Variations of "εις"

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek numbers ^(edit)

		10
		αʹ 1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: εἷς (heîs)     Ordinal: πρῶτος (prôtos)     Adverbial: ᾰ̔́πᾰξ (hápax)     Collective: μονᾰ́ς (monás)

Alternative forms

• ἧς (hês) – Doric, Lesbian
• ἕεις (héeis) – Epic[1]

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hens, *hmia, from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm, *smih₂. Cognates include Sanskrit सकृत् (sakṛt) and Latin semper.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hêːs/ → /is/ → /is/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hêːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)is/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /is/

Numeral

εἷς • (heîs) (ordinal πρῶτος, adverbial ᾰ̔́πᾰξ)

1. one

Inflection

First and third declension of εἷς, μίᾰ, ἕν (Attic)

Number		Singular
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		εἷς heîs	μίᾰ mía	ἕν hén
Genitive		ἑνός henós	μιᾶς miâs	ἑνός henós
Dative		ἑνί hení	μιᾷ miâi	ἑνί hení
Accusative		ἕνᾰ héna	μίᾰν mían	ἕν hén
Vocative		—	—	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and third declension of εἷς, ἴᾰ, ἕν (Epic, Aeolic, Ionic)

Number		Singular
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		εἷς heîs	ἴᾰ ía	ἕν hén
Genitive		ἑνός henós	ἰῆς iês	ἑνός henós
Dative		ἑνί hení	ἰῇ iêi	ἑνί hení
Accusative		ἕνᾰ héna	ἴᾰν ían	ἕν hén
Vocative		—	—	—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Byzantine Greek: ἕνας (hénas)
  • Greek: ένας (énas), ένα (éna), μία (mía)
  • Mariupol Greek: э́нас (énas), э́на (éna)

See also

• οἶος (oîos)

References

1. Νέον ορθογραφικόν ερμηνευτικόν λεξικόν, Δημήτριος Δημητράκος, Athens 1957, page 484.

Further reading

• “εἷς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἷς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἷς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• εἷς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
• “εἷς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1520 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • isolated idem, page 461.
  • single-handed idem, page 779.
  • singly idem, page 779.