δόρυ
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *dóru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Cognates include Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru), Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v /dāruv/) and Old English trēow (English tree). Also see δρῦς (drûs).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dó.ry/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈdo.ry/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈðo.ry/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈðo.ry/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈðo.ri/
Noun
δόρῠ • (dóru) n (genitive δόρᾰτος); third declension
- wood, tree, stem
- spear shaft, spear, lance, pole, lance
Inflection
Third declension of τὸ δόρῠ; τοῦ δόρᾰτος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δόρᾰτε tṑ dórate | τᾰ̀ δόρᾰτᾰ tà dórata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ δόρᾰτος toû dóratos | τοῖν δορᾰ́τοιν toîn dorátoin | τῶν δορᾰ́των tôn dorátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ δόρᾰτῐ tôi dórati | τοῖν δορᾰ́τοιν toîn dorátoin | τοῖς δόρᾰσῐ / δόρᾰσῐν toîs dórasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δόρᾰτε tṑ dórate | τᾰ̀ δόρᾰτᾰ tà dórata | ||||||||||
Vocative | δόρῠ dóru | δόρᾰτε dórate | δόρᾰτᾰ dórata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Third declension of τὸ δόρῠ; τοῦ δόρᾰτος (Tragic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δόρᾰτε tṑ dórate | τᾰ̀ δόρᾰτᾰ / δόρη / δοῦρᾰς tà dórata / dórē / doûras | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ δόρᾰτος / δορός toû dóratos / dorós | τοῖν δορᾰ́τοιν toîn dorátoin | τῶν δορᾰ́των / δορῶν tôn dorátōn / dorôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ δόρᾰτῐ / δορῐ́ / δόρει tôi dórati / dorí / dórei | τοῖν δορᾰ́τοιν toîn dorátoin | τοῖς δόρᾰσῐ / δόρᾰσῐν toîs dórasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δόρᾰτε tṑ dórate | τᾰ̀ δόρᾰτᾰ / δόρη / δοῦρᾰς tà dórata / dórē / doûras | ||||||||||
Vocative | δόρῠ dóru | δόρᾰτε dórate | δόρᾰτᾰ / δόρη / δοῦρᾰς dórata / dórē / doûras | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Third declension of τὸ δόρῠ; τοῦ δούρᾰτος (Ionic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δούρᾰτε tṑ doúrate | τᾰ̀ δούρᾰτᾰ tà doúrata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ δούρᾰτος toû doúratos | τοῖν δουρᾰ́τοιν toîn dourátoin | τῶν δουρᾰ́των tôn dourátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ δούρᾰτῐ tôi doúrati | τοῖν δουρᾰ́τοιν toîn dourátoin | τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν δούρᾰσῐ / δούρᾰσῐν toîsi(n) doúrasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ δόρῠ tò dóru | τὼ δούρᾰτε tṑ doúrate | τᾰ̀ δούρᾰτᾰ tà doúrata | ||||||||||
Vocative | δόρῠ dóru | δούρᾰτε doúrate | δούρᾰτᾰ doúrata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Irregular declension of δόρῠ; δουρός (Epic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | δόρῠ dóru | δοῦρε doûre | δοῦρᾰ / δούρᾰτᾰ doûra / doúrata | ||||||||||
Genitive | δουρός / δούρᾰτος dourós / doúratos | δούροιῐν doúroiin | δούρων doúrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | δουρῐ́ / δούρᾰτῐ dourí / doúrati | δούροιῐν doúroiin | δούρεσσῐ / δούροις doúressi / doúrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | δόρῠ dóru | δοῦρε doûre | δοῦρᾰ / δούρᾰτᾰ doûra / doúrata | ||||||||||
Vocative | δόρῠ dóru | δοῦρε doûre | δοῦρᾰ / δούρᾰτᾰ doûra / doúrata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- δουρικλυτός (douriklutós)/-κλειτός (-kleitós)
- δορυδρέπανον (dorudrépanon)
Descendants
- → English: doru, dory (learned)
- Greek: δόρυ n (dóry, “spear”)
References
- “δόρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δόρυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “δόρυ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- δόρυ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- δόρυ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- δόρυ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “δόρυ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- army idem, page 40.
- battle idem, page 65.
- boat idem, page 87.
- dart idem, page 195.
- fight idem, page 318.
- javelin idem, page 462.
- lance idem, page 474.
- plank idem, page 617.
- ship idem, page 766.
- spar idem, page 798.
- spear idem, page 799.
- warfare idem, page 964.
- wood idem, page 987.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek δόρυ (dóru).
Noun
δόρυ • (dóry) n (plural δόρατα)
- (military) pike, spear
Declension
declension of δόρυ
case \\ number | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | δόρυ • | δόρατα • |
genitive | δόρατος • | δοράτων • |
accusative | δόρυ • | δόρατα • |
vocative | δόρυ • | δόρατα • |
Synonyms
- λόγχη (lónchi)
Related terms
- δρυς f (drys, “oak tree”)
See also
- ακόντιο n (akóntio, “spear”)
Further reading
δόρυ on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el