δικαιόω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From δίκαιος (díkaios, “decent, righteous”) + -όω (-óō, “cause someone to be”, factitive verb suffix).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /di.kai̯.ó.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /di.kɛˈo.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ði.cɛˈo.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ði.ceˈo.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ði.ceˈo.o/
Verb
δῐκαιόω • (dikaióō)
- to set right
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Fragments 169.13
- to hold or deem right, to think fit, to claim or demand as right
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.89
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.133
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Fractures 31
- 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 640
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.41
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.42
- 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 781
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.26
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.71
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.172
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.118
- 60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 10.1
- to do a man right or justice, to judge
- to condemn, chastise, punish
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.100
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.29
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 934B
- 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Roman History 16.57.47
- 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Fragments 57.47
- 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Roman History 58.5.6
- 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Roman History 58.11.5
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.40
- to make just, pronounce and treat as righteous, justify, vindicate
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Exodus 23.7
- 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Jeremiah 3.11
- 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 16:15
- 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 7:35
- to condemn, chastise, punish
Inflection
Present: δῐκαιῶ, δῐκαιοῦμαι (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκαιῶ | δῐκαιοῖς | δῐκαιοῖ | δῐκαιοῦτον | δῐκαιοῦτον | δῐκαιοῦμεν | δῐκαιοῦτε | δῐκαιοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκαιῶ | δῐκαιοῖς | δῐκαιοῖ | δῐκαιῶτον | δῐκαιῶτον | δῐκαιῶμεν | δῐκαιῶτε | δῐκαιῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκαιοίην, δῐκαιοῖμῐ | δῐκαιοίης, δῐκαιοῖς | δῐκαιοίη, δῐκαιοῖ | δῐκαιοῖτον, δῐκαιοίητον | δῐκαιοίτην, δῐκαιοιήτην | δῐκαιοῖμεν, δῐκαιοίημεν | δῐκαιοῖτε, δῐκαιοίητε | δῐκαιοῖεν, δῐκαιοίησᾰν | |||||
imperative | δῐκαίου | δῐκαιούτω | δῐκαιοῦτον | δῐκαιούτων | δῐκαιοῦτε | δῐκαιούντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | δῐκαιοῦμαι | δῐκαιοῖ | δῐκαιοῦται | δῐκαιοῦσθον | δῐκαιοῦσθον | δῐκαιούμεθᾰ | δῐκαιοῦσθε | δῐκαιοῦνται | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκαιῶμαι | δῐκαιοῖ | δῐκαιῶται | δῐκαιῶσθον | δῐκαιῶσθον | δῐκαιώμεθᾰ | δῐκαιῶσθε | δῐκαιῶνται | |||||
optative | δῐκαιοίμην | δῐκαιοῖο | δῐκαιοῖτο | δῐκαιοῖσθον | δῐκαιοίσθην | δῐκαιοίμεθᾰ | δῐκαιοῖσθε | δῐκαιοῖντο | |||||
imperative | δῐκαιοῦ | δῐκαιούσθω | δῐκαιοῦσθον | δῐκαιούσθων | δῐκαιοῦσθε | δῐκαιούσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκαιοῦν | δῐκαιοῦσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκαιῶν | δῐκαιούμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐκαιοῦσᾰ | δῐκαιουμένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐκαιοῦν | δῐκαιούμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐδῐκαίουν, ἐδῐκαιούμην (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐδῐκαίουν | ἐδῐκαίους | ἐδῐκαίου | ἐδῐκαιοῦτον | ἐδῐκαιούτην | ἐδῐκαιοῦμεν | ἐδῐκαιοῦτε | ἐδῐκαίουν | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐδῐκαιούμην | ἐδῐκαιοῦ | ἐδῐκαιοῦτο | ἐδῐκαιοῦσθον | ἐδῐκαιούσθην | ἐδῐκαιούμεθᾰ | ἐδῐκαιοῦσθε | ἐδῐκαιοῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: δῐκαιώσω, δῐκαιώσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκαιώσω | δῐκαιώσεις | δῐκαιώσει | δῐκαιώσετον | δῐκαιώσετον | δῐκαιώσομεν | δῐκαιώσετε | δῐκαιώσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐκαιώσοιμῐ | δῐκαιώσοις | δῐκαιώσοι | δῐκαιώσοιτον | δῐκαιωσοίτην | δῐκαιώσοιμεν | δῐκαιώσοιτε | δῐκαιώσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐκαιώσομαι | δῐκαιώσῃ, δῐκαιώσει | δῐκαιώσεται | δῐκαιώσεσθον | δῐκαιώσεσθον | δῐκαιωσόμεθᾰ | δῐκαιώσεσθε | δῐκαιώσονται | ||||
optative | δῐκαιωσοίμην | δῐκαιώσοιο | δῐκαιώσοιτο | δῐκαιώσοισθον | δῐκαιωσοίσθην | δῐκαιωσοίμεθᾰ | δῐκαιώσοισθε | δῐκαιώσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκαιώσειν | δῐκαιώσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκαιώσων | δῐκαιωσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐκαιώσουσᾰ | δῐκαιωσομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐκαιῶσον | δῐκαιωσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἐδῐκαίωσᾰ, ἐδῐκαιωσᾰ́μην, ἐδῐκαιώθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐδῐκαίωσᾰ | ἐδῐκαίωσᾰς | ἐδῐκαίωσε(ν) | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰτον | ἐδῐκαιωσᾰ́την | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰμεν | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰτε | ἐδῐκαίωσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκαιώσω | δῐκαιώσῃς | δῐκαιώσῃ | δῐκαιώσητον | δῐκαιώσητον | δῐκαιώσωμεν | δῐκαιώσητε | δῐκαιώσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκαιώσαιμῐ | δῐκαιώσειᾰς, δῐκαιώσαις | δῐκαιώσειε(ν), δῐκαιώσαι | δῐκαιώσαιτον | δῐκαιωσαίτην | δῐκαιώσαιμεν | δῐκαιώσαιτε | δῐκαιώσειᾰν, δῐκαιώσαιεν | |||||
imperative | δῐκαίωσον | δῐκαιωσᾰ́τω | δῐκαιώσᾰτον | δῐκαιωσᾰ́των | δῐκαιώσᾰτε | δῐκαιωσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐδῐκαιωσᾰ́μην | ἐδῐκαιώσω | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰτο | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰσθον | ἐδῐκαιωσᾰ́σθην | ἐδῐκαιωσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰσθε | ἐδῐκαιώσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκαιώσωμαι | δῐκαιώσῃ | δῐκαιώσηται | δῐκαιώσησθον | δῐκαιώσησθον | δῐκαιωσώμεθᾰ | δῐκαιώσησθε | δῐκαιώσωνται | |||||
optative | δῐκαιωσαίμην | δῐκαιώσαιο | δῐκαιώσαιτο | δῐκαιώσαισθον | δῐκαιωσαίσθην | δῐκαιωσαίμεθᾰ | δῐκαιώσαισθε | δῐκαιώσαιντο | |||||
imperative | δῐκαίωσαι | δῐκαιωσᾰ́σθω | δῐκαιώσᾰσθον | δῐκαιωσᾰ́σθων | δῐκαιώσᾰσθε | δῐκαιωσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐδῐκαιώθην | ἐδῐκαιώθης | ἐδῐκαιώθη | ἐδῐκαιώθητον | ἐδῐκαιωθήτην | ἐδῐκαιώθημεν | ἐδῐκαιώθητε | ἐδῐκαιώθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκαιωθῶ | δῐκαιωθῇς | δῐκαιωθῇ | δῐκαιωθῆτον | δῐκαιωθῆτον | δῐκαιωθῶμεν | δῐκαιωθῆτε | δῐκαιωθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκαιωθείην | δῐκαιωθείης | δῐκαιωθείη | δῐκαιωθεῖτον, δῐκαιωθείητον | δῐκαιωθείτην, δῐκαιωθειήτην | δῐκαιωθεῖμεν, δῐκαιωθείημεν | δῐκαιωθεῖτε, δῐκαιωθείητε | δῐκαιωθεῖεν, δῐκαιωθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | δῐκαιώθητῐ | δῐκαιωθήτω | δῐκαιώθητον | δῐκαιωθήτων | δῐκαιώθητε | δῐκαιωθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκαιῶσαι | δῐκαιώσᾰσθαι | δῐκαιωθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκαιώσᾱς | δῐκαιωσᾰ́μενος | δῐκαιωθείς | |||||||||
f | δῐκαιώσᾱσᾰ | δῐκαιωσᾰμένη | δῐκαιωθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | δῐκαιῶσᾰν | δῐκαιωσᾰ́μενον | δῐκαιωθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: δεδῐκαίωκᾰ, δεδῐκαίωμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δεδῐκαίωκᾰ | δεδῐκαίωκᾰς | δεδῐκαίωκε(ν) | δεδῐκαιώκᾰτον | δεδῐκαιώκᾰτον | δεδῐκαιώκᾰμεν | δεδῐκαιώκᾰτε | δεδῐκαιώκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | δεδῐκαιώκω | δεδῐκαιώκῃς | δεδῐκαιώκῃ | δεδῐκαιώκητον | δεδῐκαιώκητον | δεδῐκαιώκωμεν | δεδῐκαιώκητε | δεδῐκαιώκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δεδῐκαιώκοιμῐ, δεδῐκαιωκοίην | δεδῐκαιώκοις, δεδῐκαιωκοίης | δεδῐκαιώκοι, δεδῐκαιωκοίη | δεδῐκαιώκοιτον | δεδῐκαιωκοίτην | δεδῐκαιώκοιμεν | δεδῐκαιώκοιτε | δεδῐκαιώκοιεν | |||||
imperative | δεδῐκαίωκε | δεδῐκαιωκέτω | δεδῐκαιώκετον | δεδῐκαιωκέτων | δεδῐκαιώκετε | δεδῐκαιωκόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive | indicative | δεδῐκαίωμαι | δεδῐκαίωσαι | δεδῐκαίωται | δεδῐκαίωσθον | δεδῐκαίωσθον | δεδῐκαιώμεθᾰ | δεδῐκαίωσθε | δεδῐκαίωνται | ||||
subjunctive | δεδῐκαιωμένος ὦ | δεδῐκαιωμένος ᾖς | δεδῐκαιωμένος ᾖ | δεδῐκαιωμένω ἦτον | δεδῐκαιωμένω ἦτον | δεδῐκαιωμένοι ὦμεν | δεδῐκαιωμένοι ἦτε | δεδῐκαιωμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δεδῐκαιωμένος εἴην | δεδῐκαιωμένος εἴης | δεδῐκαιωμένος εἴη | δεδῐκαιωμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | δεδῐκαιωμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | δεδῐκαιωμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | δεδῐκαιωμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | δεδῐκαιωμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | δεδῐκαίωσο | δεδῐκαιώσθω | δεδῐκαίωσθον | δεδῐκαιώσθων | δεδῐκαίωσθε | δεδῐκαιώσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δεδῐκαιωκέναι | δεδῐκαιῶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δεδῐκαιωκώς | δεδῐκαιωμένος | ||||||||||
f | δεδῐκαιωκυῖᾰ | δεδῐκαιωμένη | |||||||||||
n | δεδῐκαιωκός | δεδῐκαιωμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐδεδῐκαιώκειν, ἐδεδῐκαιώμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐδεδῐκαιώκειν, ἐδεδῐκαιώκη | ἐδεδῐκαιώκεις, ἐδεδῐκαιώκης | ἐδεδῐκαιώκει(ν) | ἐδεδῐκαιώκετον | ἐδεδῐκαιωκέτην | ἐδεδῐκαιώκεμεν | ἐδεδῐκαιώκετε | ἐδεδῐκαιώκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive | indicative | ἐδεδῐκαιώμην | ἐδεδῐκαίωσο | ἐδεδῐκαίωτο | ἐδεδῐκαίωσθον | ἐδεδῐκαιώσθην | ἐδεδῐκαιώμεθᾰ | ἐδεδῐκαίωσθε | ἐδεδῐκαίωντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
References
- “δικαιόω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δικαιόω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- δικαιόω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- δικαιόω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “δικαιόω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G1344 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible