Δαρεῖος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- Δᾱ́ρειος (Dā́reios)
- Δᾱρειαῖος (Dāreiaîos)
- Δαριήκης (Dariḗkēs)
Etymology
Borrowed from Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-u-š /Dārayauš/), shortened form of 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-v-u-š /Dārayavaʰuš/, literally “holding firm what is good”)[1], from *dar- (“to hold (firmly)”) + *vahu- (“good”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /daː.rêː.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /daˈri.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðaˈri.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ðaˈri.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðaˈri.os/
Proper noun
Δᾱρεῖος • (Dāreîos) m (genitive Δᾱρείου); second declension
- Darius
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.1.1:
- Δαρείου καὶ Παρυσάτιδος γίγνονται παῖδες δύο, πρεσβύτερος μὲν Ἀρταξέρξης, νεώτερος δὲ Κῦρος.
- Dareíou kaì Parusátidos gígnontai paîdes dúo, presbúteros mèn Artaxérxēs, neṓteros dè Kûros.
- Darius and Parysatis had two sons born to them: the older was Artaxerxes, the younger Cyrus.
- Δαρείου καὶ Παρυσάτιδος γίγνονται παῖδες δύο, πρεσβύτερος μὲν Ἀρταξέρξης, νεώτερος δὲ Κῦρος.
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ Δᾱρεῖος; τοῦ Δᾱρείου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ Δᾱρεῖος ho Dāreîos | ||||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ Δᾱρείου toû Dāreíou | ||||||||||||
Dative | τῷ Δᾱρείῳ tôi Dāreíōi | ||||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν Δᾱρεῖον tòn Dāreîon | ||||||||||||
Vocative | Δᾱρεῖε Dāreîe | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- Greek: Δαρείος (Dareíos)
- Latin: Dārīus, Dārēus
References
- “Δαρεῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Δαρεῖος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Δαρεῖος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Δαρεῖος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,008
- Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 15