δαΐφρων

δαΐφρων

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 4 February 2017

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /da.í.pʰrɔːn/ → /ðaˈi.ɸron/ → /ðaˈi.fron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /da.í.pʰrɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /daˈi.pʰron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.ɸron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.fron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.fron/

Etymology 1

From δάϊς (dáïs, “battle”) +‎ -φρων (-phrōn), combining form of φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”).

Adjective

δᾰΐφρων • (daḯphrōn) m, f (neuter δάϊφρον); third declension

1. warlike, fiery
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.23:

     εὕδεις Ἀτρέος υἱὲ δαΐφρονος ἱπποδάμοιο

     heúdeis Atréos huiè daḯphronos hippodámoio

     you are sleeping, son of warlike Atreus the horse-tamer,

   • Q., S. 1.47

Declension

Third declension of δᾰῐ̈́φρων; δάϊφρον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων daḯphrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες daḯphrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Genitive		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος daḯphrōnos	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος daḯphrōnos		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈φρώνων daïphrṓnōn	δᾰῐ̈φρώνων daïphrṓnōn
Dative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ daḯphrōni	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ daḯphrōni		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν daḯphrōsi(n)	δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν daḯphrōsi(n)
Accusative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰς daḯphrōnas	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Vocative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων daḯphrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες daḯphrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		δᾰῐ̈φρώνως daïphrṓnōs			—			—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

From δάω (dáō, “to learn”) +‎ -φρων (-phrōn), combining form of φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”).

Adjective

δᾰΐφρων • (daḯphrōn) m, f (neuter δάϊφρον); third declension

1. wise, prudent
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.482:

     ὥς ῥα τότʼ ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα ποικιλομήτην
     Τρῶες ἕπον πολλοί τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι

     hṓs rha tótʼ amphʼ Odusêa daḯphrona poikilomḗtēn
     Trôes hépon polloí te kaì álkimoi

     in that way then many brave Trojans surrounded prudent Odysseus of various wiles

Declension

Third declension of δᾰῐ̈́φρων; δάϊφρον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων daḯphrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες daḯphrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Genitive		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος daḯphrōnos	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος daḯphrōnos		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈φρώνων daïphrṓnōn	δᾰῐ̈φρώνων daïphrṓnōn
Dative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ daḯphrōni	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ daḯphrōni		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν daïphrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν daḯphrōsi(n)	δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν daḯphrōsi(n)
Accusative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰς daḯphrōnas	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Vocative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων daḯphrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε daḯphrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες daḯphrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ daḯphrōna
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		δᾰῐ̈φρώνως daïphrṓnōs			—			—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• δαΐφρων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• δαΐφρων in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press