δένδρον
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- δένδρεον (déndreon) – Epic, Ionic, Doric
- δένδρος (déndros) – Koine
Etymology
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *der-drew-om with dissimilation, reduplicated from *dóru (“tree”), but this type of reduplication is highly atypical, so the formation must be regarded as uncertain. Per Janda, alternatively from a compound *dem- (“to build; house”) + *drew-, thus perhaps meaning “tree (planted near a) house”, but the semantic basis for such an assumption is weak.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dén.dron/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈden.dron/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈðen.dron/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈðen.dron/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈðen.dron/
Noun
δένδρον • (déndron) n (genitive δένδρου); second declension
- tree
Inflection
Second declension of τὸ δένδρον; τοῦ δένδρου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ δένδρον tò déndron | τὼ δένδρω tṑ déndrō | τᾰ̀ δένδρᾰ tà déndra | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ δένδρου toû déndrou | τοῖν δένδροιν toîn déndroin | τῶν δένδρων tôn déndrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ δένδρῳ tôi déndrōi | τοῖν δένδροιν toîn déndroin | τοῖς δένδροις toîs déndrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ δένδρον tò déndron | τὼ δένδρω tṑ déndrō | τᾰ̀ δένδρᾰ tà déndra | ||||||||||
Vocative | δένδρον déndron | δένδρω déndrō | δένδρᾰ déndra | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- βᾰθῠ́δενδρος (bathúdendros)
- δένδρῐνος (déndrinos)
Descendants
- → English: dendr-
- Greek: δέντρο (déntro)
- Mariupol Greek: дъендро (ðjendro)
Further reading
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “δένδρεον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 315–316
- “δένδρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “δένδρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- δένδρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- δένδρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- G1186 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- timber idem, page 875.
- tree idem, page 893.