γυμνάσιον
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From the stem of γυμνάζω (gumnázō, “to exercise”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”), and -ιον (-ion), neuter of adjective suffix -ιος (-ios).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡym.ná.si.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɡymˈna.si.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ʝymˈna.si.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ʝymˈna.si.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ʝimˈna.si.on/
Noun
γῠμνᾰ́σιον • (gumnásion) n (genitive γῠμνᾰσίου); second declension
- (in the plural) bodily exercises
- gymnastic school, school
Declension
Second declension of τὸ γῠμνᾰ́σῐον; τοῦ γῠμνᾰσῐ́ου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ γῠμνᾰ́σῐον tò gumnásion | τὼ γῠμνᾰσῐ́ω tṑ gumnasíō | τᾰ̀ γῠμνᾰ́σῐᾰ tà gumnásia | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ γῠμνᾰσῐ́ου toû gumnasíou | τοῖν γῠμνᾰσῐ́οιν toîn gumnasíoin | τῶν γῠμνᾰσῐ́ων tôn gumnasíōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ γῠμνᾰσῐ́ῳ tôi gumnasíōi | τοῖν γῠμνᾰσῐ́οιν toîn gumnasíoin | τοῖς γῠμνᾰσῐ́οις toîs gumnasíois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ γῠμνᾰ́σῐον tò gumnásion | τὼ γῠμνᾰσῐ́ω tṑ gumnasíō | τᾰ̀ γῠμνᾰ́σῐᾰ tà gumnásia | ||||||||||
Vocative | γῠμνᾰ́σῐον gumnásion | γῠμνᾰσῐ́ω gumnasíō | γῠμνᾰ́σῐᾰ gumnásia | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- Greek: γυμνάσιο (gymnásio)
- → Latin: gymnasium (see there for further descendants)
- → English: gymnasium
Further reading
- “γυμνάσιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “γυμνάσιον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- γυμνάσιον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γυμνάσιον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “γυμνάσιον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- gymnasium idem, page 380.
- training school idem, page 887.