γαῖσος
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- γαῖσον (gaîson)
Etymology
From Latin gaesum, itself from Gaulish *gaisos, from Proto-Celtic *gaisos (“spear”). Compare also χαῖος (khaîos, “shepherd's staff”), Sanskrit héṣas (“missile”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡâi̯.sos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈɡɛ.sos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈʝɛ.sos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈʝe.sos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈʝe.sos/
Noun
γαῖσος • (gaîsos) m (genitive γαίσου); second declension
- gaesum, a Gaulish javelin
Inflection
Second declension of ὁ γαῖσος; τοῦ γαίσου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ γαῖσος ho gaîsos | τὼ γαίσω tṑ gaísō | οἱ γαῖσοι hoi gaîsoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ γαίσου toû gaísou | τοῖν γαίσοιν toîn gaísoin | τῶν γαίσων tôn gaísōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ γαίσῳ tôi gaísōi | τοῖν γαίσοιν toîn gaísoin | τοῖς γαίσοις toîs gaísois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν γαῖσον tòn gaîson | τὼ γαίσω tṑ gaísō | τοὺς γαίσους toùs gaísous | ||||||||||
Vocative | γαῖσε gaîse | γαίσω gaísō | γαῖσοι gaîsoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Descendants
- → Old Armenian: գայիսոն (gayison)
Further reading
- “γαῖσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- γαῖσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- γαῖσος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN