βαθύς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Zero-grade of the root of βένθος (bénthos); perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂dʰ- (“to sink, submerge”) or cognate to Sanskrit गाढ (gāḍha, “profound, intense, deep, dense, thick, fast, deep (of a color)”). Unrelated to βυσσός (bussós) and βυθός (buthós). Unrelated to English bath.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ba.tʰýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /baˈtʰys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βaˈθys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vaˈθys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vaˈθis/
Adjective
βᾰθῠ́ς • (bathús) m (feminine βᾰθεῖᾰ, neuter βᾰθῠ́); first/third declension
- being a large vertical distance from: high, deep
- thick
- generally: strong, intense, full
- profound
- (of colour) deep
- (time) twilight
Inflection
First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Attic)
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς bathús | βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθεῖς batheîs | βᾰθεῖαι batheîai | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Genitive | βᾰθέος bathéos | βᾰθείᾱς batheíās | βᾰθέος bathéos | βᾰθέοιν bathéoin | βᾰθείαιν batheíain | βᾰθέοιν bathéoin | βᾰθέων bathéōn | βᾰθειῶν batheiôn | βᾰθέων bathéōn | |||||
| Dative | βᾰθεῖ batheî | βᾰθείᾳ batheíāi | βᾰθεῖ batheî | βᾰθέοιν bathéoin | βᾰθείαιν batheíain | βᾰθέοιν bathéoin | βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) | βᾰθείαις batheíais | βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathési(n) | |||||
| Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν bathún | βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθεῖς batheîs | βᾰθείᾱς batheíās | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθεῖς batheîs | βᾰθεῖαι batheîai | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βᾰθέως bathéōs | βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros | βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
First and third declension of βᾰθῠ́ς; βᾰθεῖᾰ; βᾰθῠ́ (Epic)
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | βᾰθῠ́ς bathús | βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθέες bathées | βᾰθεῖαι batheîai | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Genitive | βᾰθέος bathéos | βᾰθείης batheíēs | βᾰθέος bathéos | βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin | βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin | βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin | βᾰθέων bathéōn | βᾰθειᾱ́ων / βᾰθειέ͜ων / βᾰθειῶν batheiā́ōn / batheié͜ōn / batheiôn | βᾰθέων bathéōn | |||||
| Dative | βᾰθεῖ batheî | βᾰθείῃ batheíēi | βᾰθεῖ batheî | βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin | βᾰθείαιν / βᾰθείαιῐν / βᾰθείῃῐν batheíai(i)n / batheíēiin | βᾰθέοιῐν bathéoiin | βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n) | βᾰθείῃσῐ / βᾰθείῃσῐν / βᾰθείῃς / βᾰθείαις batheíēisi(n) / batheíēis / batheíais | βᾰθέεσσῐ / βᾰθέεσσῐν / βᾰθέεσῐ / βᾰθέεσῐν / βᾰθέσῐ / βᾰθέσῐν bathéessi(n) / bathéesi(n) / bathési(n) | |||||
| Accusative | βᾰθῠ́ν bathún | βᾰθεῖᾰν batheîan | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθέᾰς bathéas | βᾰθείᾱς batheíās | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Vocative | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθεῖᾰ batheîa | βᾰθῠ́ bathú | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθείᾱ batheíā | βᾰθέε bathée | βᾰθέες bathées | βᾰθεῖαι batheîai | βᾰθέᾰ bathéa | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| βᾰθέως bathéōs | βᾰθῠ́τερος bathúteros | βᾰθῠ́τᾰτος bathútatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Βαθυκλῆς (Bathuklês)
- βαθύκολπος (bathúkolpos)
- βᾰθῠπόλεμος (bathupólemos)
- βαθυδῑ́νης (bathudī́nēs)
Related terms
- βάθος (báthos)
Descendants
- → English: bathy-
- Greek: βαθύς (vathýs, “deep”)
Further reading
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βαθύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βαθύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βαθύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “βαθύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G901 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- deep idem, page 203.
- profound idem, page 653.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βαθύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús).
Adjective
βαθύς • (vathýs) m (feminine βαθιά, neuter βαθύ)
- deep (downward or sometimes inward)
- Antonym: ρηχός (richós)
- (figuratively) deep, dark (of shades and colours)
- βαθύ μπλε ― vathý ble ― deep blue
- (figuratively) profound, deep
Declension
Declension of βαθύς
| number case \\ gender | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | βαθύς • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιοί • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
| genitive | βαθιού • / βαθύ • | βαθιάς • | βαθιού • / βαθύ • | βαθιών • | βαθιών • | βαθιών • |
| accusative | βαθύ • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιούς • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
| vocative | βαθύ • | βαθιά • | βαθύ • | βαθιοί • | βαθιές • | βαθιά • |
| derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βαθύς, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βαθύς, etc.) | |||||
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
| comparative | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | βαθύτερος • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτεροι • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
| genitive | βαθύτερου • | βαθύτερης • | βαθύτερου • | βαθύτερων • | βαθύτερων • | βαθύτερων • |
| accusative | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτερους • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
| vocative | βαθύτερε • | βαθύτερη • | βαθύτερο • | βαθύτεροι • | βαθύτερες • | βαθύτερα • |
| derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βαθύτερος", etc) | |||||
| Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | βαθύτατος • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατοι • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
| genitive | βαθύτατου • | βαθύτατης • | βαθύτατου • | βαθύτατων • | βαθύτατων • | βαθύτατων • |
| accusative | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατους • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
| vocative | βαθύτατε • | βαθύτατη • | βαθύτατο • | βαθύτατοι • | βαθύτατες • | βαθύτατα • |
Related terms
- βάθος (váthos)
Further reading
- βαθύς - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.