βάλσαμον
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- βάρσαμον (bársamon), βλάσαμον (blásamon), πάλσαμον (pálsamon)
Etymology
Of Semitic origin, comparing Hebrew בושם (bósem, “spice, perfume”), Arabic بَشَام (bašām), بَيْلَسان (baylasān, “balsam; balsam plant”) and Classical Syriac ܒܘܣܡܐ (bussāmā, “sweetness, perfume”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bál.sa.mon/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈbal.sa.mon/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβal.sa.mon/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈval.sa.mon/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈval.sa.mon/
Noun
βᾰ́λσᾰμον • (bálsamon) n (genitive βᾰλσᾰμου); second declension
- Arabian balsam tree (Commiphora gileadensis)
- balsam, the fragrant oil produced by this tree
- costmary (Tanacetum balsamita)
Inflection
Second declension of τὸ βᾰ́λσᾰμον; τοῦ βᾰλσᾰ́μου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ βᾰ́λσᾰμον tò bálsamon | τὼ βᾰλσᾰ́μω tṑ balsámō | τᾰ̀ βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ tà bálsama | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ βᾰλσᾰ́μου toû balsámou | τοῖν βᾰλσᾰ́μοιν toîn balsámoin | τῶν βᾰλσᾰ́μων tôn balsámōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ βᾰλσᾰ́μῳ tôi balsámōi | τοῖν βᾰλσᾰ́μοιν toîn balsámoin | τοῖς βᾰλσᾰ́μοις toîs balsámois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ βᾰ́λσᾰμον tò bálsamon | τὼ βᾰλσᾰ́μω tṑ balsámō | τᾰ̀ βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ tà bálsama | ||||||||||
Vocative | βᾰ́λσᾰμον bálsamon | βᾰλσᾰ́μω balsámō | βᾰ́λσᾰμᾰ bálsama | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- βαλσαμέλαιον (balsamélaion)
- βαλσαμίνη (balsamínē)
- βαλσαμῶδες (balsamôdes)
- ὀποβάλσαμον (opobálsamon)
Descendants
- → Latin: balsamum
Further reading
- βάλσαμον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- βάλσαμον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βάλσαμον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN