αὔρα

αὔρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• αὔρη (aúrē) – Epic, Ionic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *auhrā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwsr̥h₂ (“morning air”), from *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”). From a separate ablaut grade *h₂ewsḗr, the ancestor of ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr).[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǎu̯.raː/ → /ˈa.βra/ → /ˈa.vra/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǎu̯.raː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈaw.ra/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.βra/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vra/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.vra/

Noun

αὔρᾱ • (aúrā) f (genitive αὔρᾱς); first declension

1. cool air in motion, breeze, fresh air of the morning
2. steam

Inflection

First declension of ἡ αὔρᾱ; τῆς αὔρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ αὔρᾱ hē aúrā	τὼ αὔρᾱ tṑ aúrā	αἱ αὖραι hai aûrai
Genitive	τῆς αὔρᾱς tês aúrās	τοῖν αὔραιν toîn aúrain	τῶν αὐρῶν tôn aurôn
Dative	τῇ αὔρᾳ têi aúrāi	τοῖν αὔραιν toîn aúrain	ταῖς αὔραις taîs aúrais
Accusative	τὴν αὔρᾱν tḕn aúrān	τὼ αὔρᾱ tṑ aúrā	τᾱ̀ς αὔρᾱς tā̀s aúrās
Vocative	αὔρᾱ aúrā	αὔρᾱ aúrā	αὖραι aûrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ᾱ̔ αὔρᾱ; τᾶς αὔρᾱς (Doric)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ᾱ̔ αὔρᾱ hā aúrā	τὼ αὔρᾱ tṑ aúrā	ταὶ αὖραι taì aûrai
Genitive	τᾶς αὔρᾱς tâs aúrās	τοῖν αὔραιν toîn aúrain	τᾶν αὐρᾶν tân aurân
Dative	τᾷ αὔρᾳ tâi aúrāi	τοῖν αὔραιν toîn aúrain	ταῖς αὔραις taîs aúrais
Accusative	τᾱ̀ν αὔρᾱν tā̀n aúrān	τὼ αὔρᾱ tṑ aúrā	τᾱ̀ς αὔρᾱς tā̀s aúrās
Vocative	αὔρᾱ aúrā	αὔρᾱ aúrā	αὖραι aûrai
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

• Greek: αύρα (ávra)
• → Latin: aura

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ᾱ̓ήρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 27

Further reading

• “αὔρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “αὔρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• αὔρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• (no entry for the specified headword) Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αὔρα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
• “αὔρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • air idem, page 21.
  • blast idem, page 82.
  • breeze idem, page 97.
  • gust idem, page 379.
  • wind idem, page 980.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN