αἶθος

αἶθος

See also: αἰθός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *áitʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ-. Cognates include Latin aedes and Sanskrit एध m (édha), एधस् n (édhas).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /âi̯.tʰos/ → /ˈɛ.θos/ → /ˈe.θos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /âi̯.tʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.tʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.θos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈe.θos/

Noun

αἶθος • (aîthos) m (genitive αἴθου); second declension
αἶθος • (aîthos) n (genitive αἴθεος or αἴθους); third declension

1. heat, fire

Inflection

Masculine declension:

Second declension of ὁ αἶθος; τοῦ αἴθου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ αἶθος ho aîthos	τὼ αἴθω tṑ aíthō	οἱ αἶθοι hoi aîthoi
Genitive	τοῦ αἴθου toû aíthou	τοῖν αἴθοιν toîn aíthoin	τῶν αἴθων tôn aíthōn
Dative	τῷ αἴθῳ tôi aíthōi	τοῖν αἴθοιν toîn aíthoin	τοῖς αἴθοις toîs aíthois
Accusative	τὸν αἶθον tòn aîthon	τὼ αἴθω tṑ aíthō	τοὺς αἴθους toùs aíthous
Vocative	αἶθε aîthe	αἴθω aíthō	αἶθοι aîthoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Neuter declension:

Third declension of τὸ αἶθος; τοῦ αἴθους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ αἶθος tò aîthos	τὼ αἴθει tṑ aíthei	τᾰ̀ αἴθη tà aíthē
Genitive	τοῦ αἴθους toû aíthous	τοῖν αἰθοῖν toîn aithoîn	τῶν αἰθῶν tôn aithôn
Dative	τῷ αἴθει tôi aíthei	τοῖν αἰθοῖν toîn aithoîn	τοῖς αἴθεσῐ / αἴθεσῐν toîs aíthesi(n)
Accusative	τὸ αἶθος tò aîthos	τὼ αἴθει tṑ aíthei	τᾰ̀ αἴθη tà aíthē
Vocative	αἶθος aîthos	αἴθει aíthei	αἴθη aíthē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of αἶθος; αἴθεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	αἶθος aîthos	αἴθει / αἴθεε aíthei / aíthee	αἴθεᾰ aíthea
Genitive	αἴθεος / αἴθευς aítheos / aítheus	αἰθέοιν aithéoin	αἰθέων aithéōn
Dative	αἴθει / αἴθεῐ̈ aíthei / aítheï	αἰθέοιν aithéoin	αἴθεσῐ / αἴθεσῐν aíthesi(n)
Accusative	αἶθος aîthos	αἴθει / αἴθεε aíthei / aíthee	αἴθεᾰ aíthea
Vocative	αἶθος aîthos	αἴθει / αἴθεε aíthei / aíthee	αἴθεᾰ aíthea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• αἴθινος (aíthinos)
• αἶθοψ (aîthops)

 

Further reading

• “αἶθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “αἶθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• αἶθος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • fire idem, page 322.
  • flame idem, page 325.
  • glow idem, page 363.