αἰγίς
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Either from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“to stir, set in motion”) or from αἴξ (aíx, “goat”), as in a goat-skin shield. Has also been connected to ἀΐσσω (aḯssō, “to move violently”) and Sanskrit एजति (éjati, “to tremble, shake”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ai̯.ɡís/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ɛˈɡis/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɛˈʝis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈʝis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈʝis/
Noun
αἰγῐ́ς • (aigís) f (genitive αἰγῐ́δος); third declension
- the aegis; a shield of Zeus or cloak of Athena
- Homer, Iliad 5.738
- Aeschylus, The Eumenides 404
- Herodotus, Histories 4.189
- a goat-skin coat
- Euripides, Cyclops 360
- a rushing storm, hurricane
- Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 592
- a yellow kernel in the pith of the pine
- Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 3.9.3
- a speck in the eye
- Hippocrates, The Coan Praenotions 153
Declension
Third declension of ἡ αἰγῐ́ς; τῆς αἰγῐ́δος (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ αἰγῐ́ς hē aigís | τὼ αἰγῐ́δε tṑ aigíde | αἱ αἰγῐ́δες hai aigídes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς αἰγῐ́δος tês aigídos | τοῖν αἰγῐ́δοιν toîn aigídoin | τῶν αἰγῐ́δων tôn aigídōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ αἰγῐ́δῐ têi aigídi | τοῖν αἰγῐ́δοιν toîn aigídoin | ταῖς αἰγῐ́σῐ / αἰγῐ́σῐν taîs aigísi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν αἰγῐ́δᾰ tḕn aigída | τὼ αἰγῐ́δε tṑ aigíde | τᾱ̀ς αἰγῐ́δᾰς tā̀s aigídas | ||||||||||
Vocative | αἰγῐ́ς aigís | αἰγῐ́δε aigíde | αἰγῐ́δες aigídes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
- αἰγίοχος (aigíokhos)
- κᾰταιγῐ́ς (kataigís)
Descendants
- Greek: αιγίδα f (aigída)
- Latin: aegis
References
- “αἰγίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “αἰγίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “αἰγίς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- αἰγίς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- αἰγίς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- αἰγίς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
- “αἰγίς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- αἰγίς in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN