bac
English
Etymology 1
From French bac.
Noun
bac (plural bacs)
- A broad, flat-bottomed ferryboat, usually worked by a rope.
- A vat or cistern.
Noun
bac (plural bacs)
- Clipping of baccalaureate.
Derived terms
- post-bac
Anagrams
- A. B. C., A.B.C., ABC, B. C. A., B.C.A., BCA, CAB, CBA, Cab, cab
Albanian
Alternative forms
- bacë
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *batja. According to Orel bac/bacë could be related to Slavic Proto-Slavic *bat'a (“elder brother, uncle”) and Proto-Slavic *batja (“id”). Source of Romanian baci (“chief shepherd, cheese-maker”) and Megleno-Romanian/Aromanian batš (“id”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bat͡s]
Noun
bac m (indefinite plural bacë, definite singular baca, definite plural bacët)
- elder brother
- uncle
References
- Orel, Vladimir (1998), “Alb. bac m Pl. baca ('elder brother, uncle')”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 13
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈbak/
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- Alternative form of obac (“shady spot”)
Etymology 2
Cognate with French bac.
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- vat
- ferry
Further reading
- “bac” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bak/
Audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle French bac, from Old French bas, bac- (“flat boat”), of obscure origin. Possibly from Vulgar Latin *baccu (“container”), from Latin bacar (“kind of wine glass”). Or, possibly borrowed from Celtic or Germanic, from Proto-Germanic *baką (“back, rear”).
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- ferry
- vat
Derived terms
- bac à chat (“litter box”)
- bac à sable (“sandbox”)
Descendants
- → Catalan: bac
- → Dutch: bak
- Afrikaans: bak
- Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi
- Negerhollands: bak
- → Virgin Islands Creole: bak, baks (archaic)
- → Caribbean Hindustani: báki
- → Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag
- → Indonesian: bak, baki
- → Ternate: baki
- → Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)
- → Sranan Tongo: baki
- → Caribbean Javanese: baki
- → English: bac
Etymology 2
Clipping of baccalauréat.
Noun
bac m (plural bacs)
- (informal) high school exit exam in France; A level
Related terms
- bachelier
Further reading
- “bac”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- abc
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish bacc (“angle, bend, corner”), from Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”).
The verb is from Old Irish baccaid (“hinders, prevents, impairs; lames”), from the noun.
Pronunciation
- (Munster, Aran) IPA(key): /bˠɑk/
- (Cois Fharraige, Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /bˠak/
Noun
bac m (genitive singular baic, nominative plural baic)
- barrier, block, balk, hindrance
- bottleneck, trap
- blocking, obstruction
- constraint, handicap, impediment, encumbrance
- stop
- mattock
- bend (in river, etc.)
- (door-)step
- (law) stay (of proceedings)
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- aerbhac m (“airlock”)
- bac poitéinsiúil m (“potential barrier”)
Verb
bac (present analytic bacann, future analytic bacfaidh, verbal noun bacadh, past participle bactha) (transitive, intransitive)
- obstruct, balk, hinder
- impede, block, clog
- pre-empt
- bind
- foul
- (transitive with le) interfere, meddle with
- heed
Conjugation
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | bacaim | bacann tú; bacair† | bacann sé, sí | bacaimid | bacann sibh | bacann siad; bacaid† | a bhacann; a bhacas / a mbacann*; a mbacas* | bactar |
past | bhac mé; bhacas | bhac tú; bhacais | bhac sé, sí | bhacamar; bhac muid | bhac sibh; bhacabhair | bhac siad; bhacadar | a bhac / ar bhac* | bacadh | |
past habitual | bhacainn / mbacainn‡‡ | bhactá / mbactᇇ | bhacadh sé, sí / mbacadh sé, s퇇 | bhacaimis; bhacadh muid / mbacaimis‡‡; mbacadh muid‡‡ | bhacadh sibh / mbacadh sibh‡‡ | bhacaidís; bhacadh siad / mbacaidís‡‡; mbacadh siad‡‡ | a bhacadh / a mbacadh* | bhactaí / mbacta퇇 | |
future | bacfaidh mé; bacfad | bacfaidh tú; bacfair† | bacfaidh sé, sí | bacfaimid; bacfaidh muid | bacfaidh sibh | bacfaidh siad; bacfaid† | a bhacfaidh; a bhacfas / a mbacfaidh*; a mbacfas* | bacfar | |
conditional | bhacfainn / mbacfainn‡‡ | bhacfá / mbacfᇇ | bhacfadh sé, sí / mbacfadh sé, s퇇 | bhacfaimis; bhacfadh muid / mbacfaimis‡‡; mbacfadh muid‡‡ | bhacfadh sibh / mbacfadh sibh‡‡ | bhacfaidís; bhacfadh siad / mbacfaidís‡‡; mbacfadh siad‡‡ | a bhacfadh / a mbacfadh* | bhacfaí / mbacfa퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go mbaca mé; go mbacad† | go mbaca tú; go mbacair† | go mbaca sé, sí | go mbacaimid; go mbaca muid | go mbaca sibh | go mbaca siad; go mbacaid† | — | go mbactar |
past | dá mbacainn | dá mbactá | dá mbacadh sé, sí | dá mbacaimis; dá mbacadh muid | dá mbacadh sibh | dá mbacaidís; dá mbacadh siad | — | dá mbactaí | |
imperative | bacaim | bac | bacadh sé, sí | bacaimis | bacaigí; bacaidh† | bacaidís | — | bactar | |
verbal noun | bacadh | ||||||||
past participle | bactha |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
- Alternative verbal noun: bacáil (Ulster)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bac | bhac | mbac |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “bac”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Middle English
Noun
bac
- Alternative form of bak (“back”)
Romanian
Etymology 1
Borrowed from French bac.
Noun
bac n (plural bacuri)
- ferry
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) bac | bacul | (niște) bacuri | bacurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) bac | bacului | (unor) bacuri | bacurilor |
vocative | bacule | bacurilor |
Etymology 2
Clipping of bacalaureat
Noun
bac n (plural bacuri)
- baccalaureat
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) bac | bacul | (niște) bacuri | bacurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) bac | bacului | (unor) bacuri | bacurilor |
vocative | bacule | bacurilor |
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish baccaid (“hinders, prevents, impairs; lames”), from bacc (“angle, bend, corner”), from Proto-Celtic *bakkos (“hook”).
Noun
bac m (genitive singular baca or baic, plural bacan)
- delay, obstacle, hindrance
- peat bank
- sandbank
Verb
bac (past bhac, future bacaidh, verbal noun bacadh, past participle bacte)
- prevent, hinder, obstruct, restrain
Derived terms
- bac an tùs
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
bac | bhac |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Welsh
Noun
bac
- Soft mutation of pac.
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
pac | bac | mhac | phac |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |