ʾlmʾs
Middle Persian
Alternative forms
- ʾlmʾst' (almāst)
Etymology
Usually derived from Byzantine Greek ἀδάμας (adámas), but the Greek word itself is now considered an oriental loanword. Compare Akkadian 𒋤𒉘 (elmēšu [SUD.ÁG], “a valuable stone, perhaps amber”). Other Iranian reflexes of the same word: Manichaean Middle Persian ʾrmʾs, Northern Kurdish almas, almast, almaz, elmas, Zazaki almast, almas, elmas.
Noun
ʾlmʾs • (almās)
- steel
- diamond
Descendants
- Persian: الماس (almâs)
- → Arabic: أَلْمَاس (ʾalmās)
- Gulf Arabic: ألماص (əlmasˤ)
- → Swahili: almasi
- → Bashkir: алмас (almas)
- → Georgian: ალმასი (almasi)
- → Ossetian: алмаси (almasi)
- → Kazakh: алмас (almas)
- → Middle Armenian: ալմաս (almas), ալմաստ (almast), ալմազ (almaz), էլմաս (ēlmas)
- → Armenian: ալմաս (almas)
- → Russian: алма́з (almáz)
- → Azerbaijani: almaz
- → Hindustani:
- Hindi: अलमास (almās)
- Urdu: الماس (almās)
- → Kyrgyz: алмас (almas)
- → Southern Altai: алмаз (almaz)
- → Ottoman Turkish: الماس (elmas)
- Turkish: elmas, almas
- → Bulgarian: елмаз (elmaz)
- → Tatar: алмас (almas), алмаз (almaz)
- → Uzbek: olmos
- → Arabic: أَلْمَاس (ʾalmās)
- → Classical Syriac: ܐܠܡܣܐ (ʾlmsʾ)
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “almās(t)”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 7
- Skok, Petar (1971), “adàmanat”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume I, Zagreb: JAZU, pages 8–9
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “elmas”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), “elmēšu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, page 70