šnꜥ

šnꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ʃɛnɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: shena

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to drive off, to repulse, to repel (people, animals, bad weather, etc.)
2. (transitive) to hold (someone) off, to keep (someone) away (+ ḥr: from (a person); + r: from (a place))
3. (transitive) to expel, to banish (someone)
4. (transitive) to hamper (someone’s steps) [Late Period, Greco-Roman Period]
5. (transitive) to block (a door, a path)
6. (transitive) to police (a district)
7. (intransitive, of fish) to dart about

Inflection

Conjugation of šnꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: šnꜥ, geminated stem: šnꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
šnꜥ	šnꜥw, šnꜥ	šnꜥt	šnꜥ	šnꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
šnꜥ	ḥr šnꜥ	m šnꜥ	r šnꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	šnꜥ.n	šnꜥw, šnꜥ	consecutive	šnꜥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	šnꜥt
perfective3	šnꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	šnꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	šnꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	šnꜥ	šnꜥꜥ	potentialis1	šnꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	šnꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	šnꜥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	šnꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	šnꜥ	šnꜥ, šnꜥw5, šnꜥy5
imperfective	šnꜥ, šnꜥy, šnꜥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	šnꜥ, šnꜥj6, šnꜥy6	šnꜥ, šnꜥw5
prospective	šnꜥ, šnꜥtj7	—	šnꜥtj4, šnꜥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of šnꜥ  

šnꜥ

Descendants

• Coptic: ϣⲱⲱⲛⲉ (šōōne), ϣⲟⲟⲛ⸗ (šoon⸗)

References

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 504.5–505.13
• Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 269