-ba
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ba"
Bambara
Suffix
-ba
- (augmentative suffix)
- dugu + -ba → duguba
Basque
Suffix
-ba
- (non-productive) Kinship suffix. It is usually found attached to unknown stems.
Derived terms
- ahizpa (“sister”)
- alaba (“daughter”)
- arreba (“sister”)
- asaba (“grandfather”)
- ginarreba (“parent-in-law”)
- iloba (“nephew”)
- izeba (“aunt”)
- osaba (“uncle”)
References
- “-ba” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Czech
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ьba.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈba]
Suffix
-ba f
- forms feminine nouns usually denoting an action, process or its result
- chodit + -ba → chodba
- sloužit + -ba → služba
Declension
Declension of -ba
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ba | -by |
| genitive | -by | -eb |
| dative | -bě | -bám |
| accusative | -bu | -by |
| vocative | -bo | -by |
| locative | -bě | -bách |
| instrumental | -bou | -bami |
Derived terms
Czech terms suffixed with -ba
See also
- -tva / -tba
Further reading
- -ba in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Garo
Affix
-ba
- affirmative affix, indeed
- also
Antonyms
- -ja
Gothic
Romanization
-ba
- Romanization of -𐌱𐌰
Hungarian
| Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ed | suffix | who? | what? | this | that | he/she (it)* | ||
| case | v. pr. | c. | ||||||
| nom. | – | ki | mi | ez | az | ő* / -∅ az / -∅ | – | – |
| acc. | -t/ -ot/ -at / -et / -öt | kit | mit | ezt | azt | őt* / -∅ azt / -∅ | – | c1 c2 |
| dat. | -nak/ -nek | kinek | minek | ennek | annak | neki | neki- | c |
| ins. | -val/ -vel | kivel | mivel | ezzel/ evvel | azzal/ avval | vele | c | |
| c-f. | -ért | kiért | miért | ezért | azért | érte | – | c |
| tra. | -vá/ -vé | kivé | mivé | ezzé | azzá | – | – | c |
| ter. | -ig | – | meddig | eddig | addig | – | – | c |
| e-f. | -ként | (kiként) | (miként) | ekként | akként | – | – | c |
| e-m. | -ul/ -ül | – | – | – | – | – | – | c |
| ine. | -ban/ -ben | kiben | miben | ebben | abban | benne | – | c |
| sup. | -n/-on/-en/-ön | kin | min | ezen | azon | rajta | (rajta-) | c |
| ade. | -nál/ -nél | kinél | minél | ennél | annál | nála | – | c |
| ill. | -ba / -be | kibe | mibe | ebbe | abba | bele | bele- | c |
| sub. | -ra/ -re | kire | mire | erre | arra | rá | rá- | c |
| all. | -hoz/-hez/-höz | kihez | mihez | ehhez | ahhoz | hozzá | hozzá- | c |
| el. | -ból/ -ből | kiből | miből | ebből | abból | belőle | – | c |
| del. | -ról/ -ről | kiről | miről | erről | arról | róla | – | c |
| abl. | -tól/ -től | kitől | mitől | ettől | attól | tőle | – | c |
| *: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All » | ||||||||
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bɒ]
Suffix
-ba
- (case suffix) into. Used to form the illative case.
- ház (“house”) → a házba (“into the house”)
- Eye dialect spelling of -ban.
Usage notes
Hungarian case suffixes
| Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú | Front vowel | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded e, é, i, í | rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
| nominative | — | ||
| accusative | -t | ||
| -ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
| dative | -nak | -nek | |
| instrumental | -val | -vel | |
| causal-final | -ért | ||
| translative | -vá | -vé | |
| terminative | -ig | ||
| essive-formal | -ként | ||
| essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
| inessive | -ban | -ben | |
| superessive | -n | ||
| -on | -en | -ön | |
| adessive | -nál | -nél | |
| illative | -ba | -be | |
| sublative | -ra | -re | |
| allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
| elative | -ból | -ből | |
| delative | -ról | -ről | |
| ablative | -tól | -től | |
| Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként | |||
- (case suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -ba is added to back vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
- alma (“apple”) → Beleharapott egy almába. - She has bitten into an apple.
- -be is added to front vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
- zene (“music”) → Variációkat dolgoztunk bele a zenébe. - We worked variations into the music.
- -ba is added to back vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
Related terms
- -ba / -be
- -ban / -ben
- be → be-
- bél (and archaic bel)
- bel-
- bele (belé, beléje)
- -beli (-béli)
- beljebb (bellebb)
- bellebbez (beljebbez)
- belőle
- belső (benső)
- belül (belől, bévül)
- benne
- bennünket, -eteket
- bent (benn)
- -ból / -ből
See also
- Category:Hungarian terms taking -ba/-be
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Japanese
Romanization
-ba
- Rōmaji transcription of ば
Navajo
Prefix
-ba
- (disjunct prefix of position I)
Postpositional prefix occurring in conjunction with di- in themes related to exhaustion, completion
► Navajo verbs with postpositional prefix -ba
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьba.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: ba
Suffix
-ba f
- (not productive) Forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb
- służyć + -ba → służba
Declension
Declension of -ba
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ba | -by |
| genitive | -by | -b |
| dative | -bie | -bom |
| accusative | -bę | -by |
| instrumental | -bą | -bami |
| locative | -bie | -bach |
| vocative | -bo | -by |
Derived terms
Polish terms suffixed with -ba
See also
- -da
Further reading
- -ba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- -ba in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *-ьba.
Suffix
-ba (Cyrillic spelling -ба)
- Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an action.
See also
- -idba