čuti
See also: cuti, cutí, and чути
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *čuti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃûti/
- Hyphenation: ču‧ti
Verb
čȕti impf or pf (Cyrillic spelling чу̏ти)
- (transitive, intransitive) to hear
- Čujem vas. ― I hear you.
- (reflexive) to hear from
- On i ja se nismo čuli godinama.
- He and I haven't heard from each other in years.
- (transitive, regional) to smell
Conjugation
Conjugation of čuti
| Infinitive: čuti | Present verbal adverb: čuvši | Past verbal adverb: čȗvši | Verbal noun: čùvēnje | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ja | ti | on / ona / ono | mi | vi | oni / one / ona | |
| Present | čujem | čuješ | čuje | čujemo | čujete | čuju | |
| Future | Future I | čut ću1 čuću | čut ćeš1 čućeš | čut će1 čuće | čut ćemo1 čućemo | čut ćete1 čućete | čut će1 čuće |
| Future II | bȕdēm čuo2 | bȕdēš čuo2 | bȕdē čuo2 | bȕdēmo čuli2 | bȕdēte čuli2 | bȕdū čuli2 | |
| Past | Perfect | čuo sam2 | čuo si2 | čuo je2 | čuli smo2 | čuli ste2 | čuli su2 |
| Pluperfect3 | bȉo sam čuo2 | bȉo si čuo2 | bȉo je čuo2 | bíli smo čuli2 | bíli ste čuli2 | bíli su čuli2 | |
| Aorist | čuh | ču | ču | čusmo | čuste | čuše | |
| Imperfect | čujah | čujaše | čujaše | čujasmo | čujaste | čujahu | |
| Conditional I | čuo bih2 | čuo bi2 | čuo bi2 | čuli bismo2 | čuli biste2 | čuli bi2 | |
| Conditional II4 | bȉo bih čuo2 | bȉo bi čuo2 | bȉo bi čuo2 | bíli bismo čuli2 | bíli biste čuli2 | bíli bi čuli2 | |
| Imperative | — | čuj | — | čujmo | čujte | — | |
| Active past participle | čuo m / čula f / čulo n | čuli m / čule f / čula n | |||||
| Passive past participle | čuven m / čuvena f / čuveno n | čuveni m / čuvene f / čuvena n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. | |||||||
Derived terms
- dòčuti
- nàčuti
- pòčuti
- prèčuti
- pròčuti
- zàčuti
See also
- (hear): slušati
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *čuti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃùːti/
Verb
čúti impf or pf
- (transitive, colloquial, archaic) to hear
- Synonym: slíšati
Conjugation
Class I, accentual type IIA (accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings), perfective and imperfective
Infinitive čúti (ø-ti)
| Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) | čúti | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) | čūt, čȕt | ||
| Supine | čȗt, čȕt pf, čȗt impf | ||
| l-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | čȗł, čȕł | čúla | čūlo |
| dual | čūla | čūli | čūli |
| plural | čūli | čūle | čūla |
| n-/t-participle (passive participle) | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | čȗt | čȗta | čȗto |
| dual | čȗta | čȗti | čȗti |
| plural | čȗti | čȗte | čȗta |
| š-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | čȗvši | čȗvša | čȗvše |
| dual | čȗvša | čȗvši | čȗvši |
| plural | čȗvši | čȗvše | čȗvša |
| adverbial š-participle | čȗvši | ||
| True gerund | čūtje | ||
| Objectified gerund | – | ||
Present stem čȗjem (je-m)
| Present indicative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | čȗjem | čȗjeva, čȗjema | čȗjemo |
| 2nd person | čȗješ | čȗjeta, čȗjesta | čȗjete, čȗjeste |
| 3rd person | čȗje | čȗjeta, čȗjesta | čȗjejo |
| Imperative | |||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | čūj | čūjva, čūjma | čūjmo |
| 2nd person | čūj | čūjta | čūjte |
| 3rd person | čūj | čūjta | – |
| č-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter , čujọ́ča | |
| singular | čujȅč, čujọ̄č, čujȍč | čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča | čujẹ́če, čujọ́če |
| dual | čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča | čujẹ́či, čujọ́či | čujẹ́či, čujọ́či |
| plural | čujẹ́či, čujọ́či | čujẹ́če, čujọ́če | čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča |
| adverbial participles | |||
| č-participle | čujȅč, čujẹ̄č, čujọ̄č | ||
| e-participle | – | ||
Derived terms
- čȗj
- prečúti
- začúti
Further reading
- “čuti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “čuti”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references