ółtaʼ
Navajo
Etymology
ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -ó- (“directed at”, combining form of yíní- in the 3rd person) + -ł- (classifier) + -taʼ (imperfective stem of root -TAʼ, “to read”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʔo̞ɬ˦.txäʔ˨]
Audio (NV) (file)
Verb
ółtaʼ (transitive, no object)
- he/she is studying
- Diné bizaad baa ííníshtaʼ
- I am studying the Navajo language.
- he/she is counting
- he/she is reading
- he/she is attending school, goes to school
- Shaʼáłchíní áadi daʼółtaʼ. ― My children are going to school there.
Conjugation
Paradigm: Momentaneous (Ø/yi)
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ííníshtaʼ | ííníiltaʼ | daʼííníiltaʼ |
| 2nd person | ííníłtaʼ | íínółtaʼ | daʼíínółtaʼ |
| 3rd person | ółtaʼ | daʼółtaʼ | |
| 4th person | ájółtaʼ | daʼjółtaʼ | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ííłtaʼ | íiltaʼ | daʼíiltaʼ |
| 2nd person | ííníłtaʼ | óołtaʼ | daʼóołtaʼ |
| 3rd person | ííłtaʼ | daʼííłtaʼ | |
| 4th person | ájííłtaʼ | daʼjííłtaʼ | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | íídéeshtah | íídíiltah | daʼíídíiltah |
| 2nd person | íídííłtah | íídóołtah | daʼíídóołtah |
| 3rd person | íídóołtah | daʼíídóołtah | |
| 4th person | íízhdóołtah | daʼíízhdóołtah | |
| ITERATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | náʼííníshtah | náʼííníiltah | ńdaʼííníiltah |
| 2nd person | náʼííníłtah | náʼíínółtah | ńdaʼíínółtah |
| 3rd person | náʼółtah | ńdaʼółtah | |
| 4th person | náʼjółtah | ńdaʼjółtah | |
| OPTATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | óoshtaʼ | óoltaʼ | daʼóoltaʼ |
| 2nd person | óółtaʼ | óołtaʼ | daʼóołtaʼ |
| 3rd person | óltaʼ | daʼółtaʼ | |
| 4th person | ajółtaʼ | daʼjółtaʼ | |
Derived terms
- áłchíní ółtaʼígíí
Related terms
- yółtaʼ
- óltaʼ (“school”)