ís
See also: Appendix:Variations of "is"
Faroese
Noun
ís
- accusative/genitive singular of ísur
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse íss.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iːs/
- Rhymes: -iːs
Noun
ís m (genitive singular íss, nominative plural ísar)
- ice
- Um það bil 81% af yfirborði Grænlands er þakið ís.
- About 81% of Greenland's surface is covered by ice.
- ice cream
- Langar þig í ís?
- Do you want some ice cream?
Declension
declension of ís
| m-s1 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | ís | ísinn | ísar | ísarnir |
| accusative | ís | ísinn | ísa | ísana |
| dative | ísi / ís | ísnum | ísum | ísunum |
| genitive | íss | íssins | ísa | ísanna |
Synonyms
- (ice): klaki
- (ice cream): rjómaís
Derived terms
- Ísland
- íslenskur
- ístegund
- þurrís
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ɸīssu, from Proto-Indo-European *pedsú, locative plural of *pṓds (“foot”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iːs/
Preposition
ís (takes the dative)
- under, below, beneath
- Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 350, line 17
- Drochet bethad bīd íssum bennacht Dé athar úasum.
- Let there be a bridge of life beneath me, [and] the blessing of God the Father above me.
- Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 357, line 15
- Críst indium, Críst íssum, Críst úasum
- Christ in me, Christ below me, Christ above me
- c. 808, Félire Oengusso, published in Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee (1905, Harrison & Sons), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes, Epilogue, line 377
- Fom·glúaissi mór ndubai sund ís riched rindmas...
- Much sorrow disquiets me here, below star-beautiful heaven...
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 46a8
- hís bronnait
- under a small belly (glossing Latin infra ventriculum)
- Synonym: fo
- Antonym: úas
- Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 350, line 17
Inflection
Relativized, possessive, and article-based forms of this preposition are not attested.
Inflection of ís
| Person | Normal | Emphatic |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | íssum | |
| 2d person sing. | ||
| 3d sing. masc./neut., dative | íssa | |
| 3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | ||
| 3d sing. fem., dative | ||
| 3d sing. fem., accusative | ||
| 1st person pl. | ||
| 2d person pl. | ||
| 3d person pl., dative | ||
| 3d person pl., accusative |
Derived terms
- anís
Descendants
- ⇒ Irish: aníos, síos, thíos
- ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: nìos, shìos, sìos
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ís”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Norse
Noun
ís
- accusative singular of íss