épreindre
French
Etymology
From Middle French espraindre, from Old French espreindre, espraindre, inherited from Vulgar Latin *expremere, from Latin exprimere, present active infinitive of exprimō. Doublet of exprimer, a borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.pʁɛ̃dʁ/
Audio (file) Audio (CAN) (file)
Verb
épreindre
- (archaic, rare) to squeeze out, draw out by pressing, to extract
- Synonyms: extraire, exprimer
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of épreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | épreindre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | épreignant /e.pʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | épreint /e.pʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ | épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ | épreint /e.pʁɛ̃/ | épreignons /e.pʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɔ̃/ | épreignez /e.pʁɛ.ɲe/ or /e.pʁe.ɲe/ | épreignent /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | épreignais /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ | épreignais /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ | épreignait /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ | épreignions /e.pʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ | épreigniez /e.pʁɛ.ɲje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲje/ | épreignaient /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | épreignis /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ | épreignis /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ | épreignit /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ | épreignîmes /e.pʁɛ.ɲim/ or /e.pʁe.ɲim/ | épreignîtes /e.pʁɛ.ɲit/ or /e.pʁe.ɲit/ | épreignirent /e.pʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | épreindrai /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁe/ | épreindras /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁa/ | épreindra /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁa/ | épreindrons /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | épreindrez /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁe/ | épreindront /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | épreindrais /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | épreindrais /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | épreindrait /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | épreindrions /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | épreindriez /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ | épreindraient /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | épreigne /e.pʁɛɲ/ | épreignes /e.pʁɛɲ/ | épreigne /e.pʁɛɲ/ | épreignions /e.pʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ | épreigniez /e.pʁɛ.ɲje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲje/ | épreignent /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | épreignisse /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ | épreignisses /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ | épreignît /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ | épreignissions /e.pʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ | épreignissiez /e.pʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi.sje/ | épreignissent /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ | — | épreignons /e.pʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɔ̃/ | épreignez /e.pʁɛ.ɲe/ or /e.pʁe.ɲe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “épreindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.