énoncer
French
Etymology
From Latin ēnuntiāre, present active infinitive of ēnuntiō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.nɔ̃.se/
Audio (file)
Verb
énoncer
- (transitive) to enounce, lay out, declare
- (reflexive, obsolete) to explain
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of énoncer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | énoncer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | énonçant /e.nɔ̃.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | énoncé /e.nɔ̃.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | énonce /e.nɔ̃s/ | énonces /e.nɔ̃s/ | énonce /e.nɔ̃s/ | énonçons /e.nɔ̃.sɔ̃/ | énoncez /e.nɔ̃.se/ | énoncent /e.nɔ̃s/ |
| imperfect | énonçais /e.nɔ̃.sɛ/ | énonçais /e.nɔ̃.sɛ/ | énonçait /e.nɔ̃.sɛ/ | énoncions /e.nɔ̃.sjɔ̃/ | énonciez /e.nɔ̃.sje/ | énonçaient /e.nɔ̃.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | énonçai /e.nɔ̃.se/ | énonças /e.nɔ̃.sa/ | énonça /e.nɔ̃.sa/ | énonçâmes /e.nɔ̃.sam/ | énonçâtes /e.nɔ̃.sat/ | énoncèrent /e.nɔ̃.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | énoncerai /e.nɔ̃.sʁe/ | énonceras /e.nɔ̃.sʁa/ | énoncera /e.nɔ̃.sʁa/ | énoncerons /e.nɔ̃.sʁɔ̃/ | énoncerez /e.nɔ̃.sʁe/ | énonceront /e.nɔ̃.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | énoncerais /e.nɔ̃.sʁɛ/ | énoncerais /e.nɔ̃.sʁɛ/ | énoncerait /e.nɔ̃.sʁɛ/ | énoncerions /e.nɔ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | énonceriez /e.nɔ̃.sə.ʁje/ | énonceraient /e.nɔ̃.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | énonce /e.nɔ̃s/ | énonces /e.nɔ̃s/ | énonce /e.nɔ̃s/ | énoncions /e.nɔ̃.sjɔ̃/ | énonciez /e.nɔ̃.sje/ | énoncent /e.nɔ̃s/ |
| imperfect2 | énonçasse /e.nɔ̃.sas/ | énonçasses /e.nɔ̃.sas/ | énonçât /e.nɔ̃.sa/ | énonçassions /e.nɔ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/ | énonçassiez /e.nɔ̃.sa.sje/ | énonçassent /e.nɔ̃.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | énonce /e.nɔ̃s/ | — | énonçons /e.nɔ̃.sɔ̃/ | énoncez /e.nɔ̃.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “énoncer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- encorne, encorné, renonce, renoncé