énerver
See also: enerver
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin ēnervō, ēnervāre. Synchronically analysable as é- + nerf + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.nɛʁ.ve/
Audio (file)
Verb
énerver
- (transitive) to vex, to get on one's nerves
- to unnerve, to make nervous
- (Quebec) to be excited
Conjugation
Conjugation of énerver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | énerver | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | énervant /e.nɛʁ.vɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | énervé /e.nɛʁ.ve/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ | énerves /e.nɛʁv/ | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ | énervons /e.nɛʁ.vɔ̃/ | énervez /e.nɛʁ.ve/ | énervent /e.nɛʁv/ |
imperfect | énervais /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ | énervais /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ | énervait /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ | énervions /e.nɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ | énerviez /e.nɛʁ.vje/ | énervaient /e.nɛʁ.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | énervai /e.nɛʁ.ve/ | énervas /e.nɛʁ.va/ | énerva /e.nɛʁ.va/ | énervâmes /e.nɛʁ.vam/ | énervâtes /e.nɛʁ.vat/ | énervèrent /e.nɛʁ.vɛʁ/ | |
future | énerverai /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁe/ | énerveras /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁa/ | énervera /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁa/ | énerverons /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ | énerverez /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁe/ | énerveront /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | énerverais /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | énerverais /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | énerverait /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | énerverions /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ | énerveriez /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁje/ | énerveraient /e.nɛʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ | énerves /e.nɛʁv/ | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ | énervions /e.nɛʁ.vjɔ̃/ | énerviez /e.nɛʁ.vje/ | énervent /e.nɛʁv/ |
imperfect2 | énervasse /e.nɛʁ.vas/ | énervasses /e.nɛʁ.vas/ | énervât /e.nɛʁ.va/ | énervassions /e.nɛʁ.va.sjɔ̃/ | énervassiez /e.nɛʁ.va.sje/ | énervassent /e.nɛʁ.vas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | énerve /e.nɛʁv/ | — | énervons /e.nɛʁ.vɔ̃/ | énervez /e.nɛʁ.ve/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- énervant
Further reading
- “énerver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- vénérer