émarger
French
Etymology
From é- + marge + -er.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
émarger
- to initial (a document)
- to sign, sign in
- to annotate, make marginal notes in
- to draw one's salary
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written émarge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of émarger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | émarger | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | émargeant /e.maʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | émargé /e.maʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ | émarges /e.maʁʒ/ | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ | émargeons /e.maʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | émargez /e.maʁ.ʒe/ | émargent /e.maʁʒ/ |
imperfect | émargeais /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ | émargeais /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ | émargeait /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ | émargions /e.maʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | émargiez /e.maʁ.ʒje/ | émargeaient /e.maʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
past historic2 | émargeai /e.maʁ.ʒe/ | émargeas /e.maʁ.ʒa/ | émargea /e.maʁ.ʒa/ | émargeâmes /e.maʁ.ʒam/ | émargeâtes /e.maʁ.ʒat/ | émargèrent /e.maʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
future | émargerai /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | émargeras /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | émargera /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | émargerons /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | émargerez /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | émargeront /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | émargerais /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | émargerais /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | émargerait /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | émargerions /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | émargeriez /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ | émargeraient /e.maʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ | émarges /e.maʁʒ/ | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ | émargions /e.maʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | émargiez /e.maʁ.ʒje/ | émargent /e.maʁʒ/ |
imperfect2 | émargeasse /e.maʁ.ʒas/ | émargeasses /e.maʁ.ʒas/ | émargeât /e.maʁ.ʒa/ | émargeassions /e.maʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | émargeassiez /e.maʁ.ʒa.sje/ | émargeassent /e.maʁ.ʒas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | émarge /e.maʁʒ/ | — | émargeons /e.maʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | émargez /e.maʁ.ʒe/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “émarger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- germera